Love and Soul Mate Essay Example for Free

Love and Soul Mate Essay Knowing that I would get to spend the rest of my life with my best friend is the best feeling EVER! Even after being married for years, my love still grows every day! I know I am with my soul mate and still can’t believe we have made it and have overcome so much in our life Knowing that I would get to spend the rest of my life with my best friend is the best feeling EVER! Even after being married for years, my love still grows every day! I know I am with my soul mate and still can’t believe we have made it and have overcome so much in our life njkj kj kj Knowing that I would get to spend the rest of my life with my best friend is the best feeling EVER! Even after being married for years, my love still grows every day! I know I am with my soul mate and still can’t believe we have made it and have overcome so much in our lifeKnowing that I would get to spend the rest of my life with my best friend is the best feeling EVER! Even after being married for years, my love still grows every day! I know I am with my soul mate and still can’t believe we have made it and have overcome so much in our lifeKnowing that I would get to spend the rest of my life with my best friend is the best feeling EVER! Even after being married for years, my love still grows every day! I know I am with my soul mate and still can’t believe we have made it and have overcome so much in our life Knowing that I would get to spend the rest of my life with my best friend is the best feeling EVER! Even after being married for years, my love still grows every day! I know I am with my soul mate and still can’t believe we have made it and have overcome so much in our life

History Of Massage And Massage Therapy Nursing Essay

History Of Massage And Massage Therapy Nursing Essay Massage therapy is the manipulation of the soft tissue on the body by a practitioner through the movement of their hands and arms as well as advanced techniques. Massage has been used to help people relax as well as a way to help treat minor ailments as a complement to other medication or treatment. As A Whirlwind Tour through the entire History of Massage webpage states Massage is a universal instinct. From the day they descended from the trees, humans have known that it helps to rub a sore limb and that to touch is beneficial. So since then we have used and developed the skills and techniques through the years into the massage routines we see and use today. History of Massage; Throughout ancient history many different countries have been using massage and developing their skills as well as passing these down through the years. They have been borrowed, stolen and shared through different times as well as different places geographically around the world, many of the different types of massages resemble each other as techniques have been copied, borrowed and shared. Pre-historic people used to practise some forms of therapeutic touch or massage as there has been evidence to suggest that they used to massage their muscles and rub herbs and oils onto their bodies to help with healing or to protect as this has been found in caveman paintings and drawings showing the giving and receiving of massage. After then the next stage that has been recorded in history to show the major use of massage where the Chinese in around 3000BC in a book called Con Fou of the Tao-Tse. As mentioned in the eBook History of Massage, Therapies Rules in China for years, blind people where the main masseurs. According to A Whirlwind Tour Through the entire history of Massage Chinese writing dates from around 1400BC, near the start of the Shang dynasty, and it from around this time that we can reliably date massage. It was in China that the first exam in massage was sat about fifteen hundred years later as an addition to the occult studies schools. Around the same times as China the Egyptians also used massage and this has been depicted in tomb paintings of individuals being Kneaded by others. The Japaneses received their knowledge from China through the study of Buddhism and soon customised the techniques which became known as anma, which later became Japanese Shiatsu. According to The history of Massag e: Learn How Massage Dates Back over 5,000 Years Ago The primary goal of Shiatsu is to raise the energy level in the patient. In turn, this increased energy level regulates and fortifies the functioning of the organs and stimulates natural resistance to illnesses. The practitioners use a variety of techniques to pressure points on the body to balance the energies and work without needles or other equipment to do so. However, some sources believe India was practicing massage before the Egyptians and the Chinese while others believe they might have acquired it from China a little later so the dates of when India first started to use any forms of massage range from around 3000BC to between 1.800-500BC. Massage in India is referred to in ancient Hindu books such as Ayurveda (Art of Life) which was written around 1800BC. It describes how movements such as shampooing and rubbing were used to relieve tiredness, increase energy levels and improve general health. Francesca Gould in Body Massage for Holistic Therapists (2004). After this stage in history the next step in the time line is around 2000BC when the Greeks and Romans first started to use massage in the early foundations of their civilisations. The ancient Greeks used the knowledge from the Egyptians massage techniques, and it was given to the athletes, women and soldiers as described in History of Massage, Therapies Rules. The Greeks wrote many books on massage including some written by Homer, Aesculapius, Herodotus and Hippocrates who was the Father of Medicine. It was the Greeks who used to rub up the body towards the heart to help the venous and lymph in that direction, they also used this technique to move sickness towards the centre of the body to where is can be expelled with the waste materials. The Romans however used massage as more of an indulgence than as a medical therapy; it was saved for those who could pay for it. The Romans received massage from the Greeks and enjoyed bathing before a full body massage and it was said that even Julius Caesar was pinched every day. The Roman gladiators were vigorously massaged before fights to make sure their muscles where warmed up and supple. Galen was the main figure in Rome for massage but he was actually Greek, according to A Whirlwind Tour through the History of Massage he lived from 130AD to 201AD and he acquired his knowledge of anatomy and physiology through working with the gladiators. Massage then was used as an alternative for exercise to help relive their excessive eating and drinking. Massage was used throughout the different tribes in North America before the Europeans arrived, some tribes would massage/rub down their warriors before and after battle or rub ointments into ailing joints or muscles. Massage has also been seen through a variety of different countries through history including those such as Persia, Kurdistan, Thailand, Tibet, Indonesia and Hawaii. The most recent history of massage can be seen is western civilisation. The earliest record was written by Ambroise Pare (1510-1590) but he was ridiculed for his publication. However by the time Henrik Ling (1776-1839) became the father of modern western massage it had become less of a ridicule. As the History of Massage, Therapies rules tell us Henrik Ling once put. We ought not to consider the organs of the body as the lifeless forms of a mechanical mass, he wrote, but as the living, active instruments of the soul. And through this he finally developed the system known as Swedish massage. Massage has now moved back towards the old holistic attributes instead of the physiological attributes so we are back to seeing massage in the same way as the ancient Chinese, Egyptians and Greeks once saw the therapy. As reported by The Massage Bible, during the first World War injured soldiers were treated with massage, while the Californian bodywork movement in the 1960s combined massage with personal growth. There are many different kinds of massage practiced today all over the world and many of them can be received by almost anyone unless they have a specific reason that it cannot be preformed. There are a few different people who have been in the forefront of massage in modern history and those are Cornelius E. Who is the Father of massage in the USA, David Palmer, the Father of chair massage, Dr Tiffany Fields, the Mother of massage research and Jack Meagher the Father of sports massage. In figure I. In the appendices is a time line of the history of massage along with the cre ation and history of other therapies this has been take from the eBook History of Massage, Therapies Rules. Massage Principles and Holistic Experience: To decide if massage is a holistic therapy first of all we need to know what holistic means and according to thefreedictionary.com Holistic means Concerned with wholes rather than analysis or separation into parts. And with this definition we shall determine whether or not massage is a holistic experience. A massage whether it is a Swedish, Shiatsu or any other form of massage moves across the whole surface of the skin missing only a few vital places which are left for either health and safety reasons or due to the intimacy of the area. Most massages that even just incorporate one certain area such as an Indian head massage or even reflexology they all use different points of that area to correspond with different areas or energies upon the body. With different energies running throughout in specific channels which move around the entire body, when a massage is preformed to the whole body or even just a small portion of the body such as the hands, feet or head all the energies are involved which in turn incorporates the body as a whole. With this in mind a massage can be believed to be Holistic as this matches with the definition of holistic in taking the body as a whole instead of a separation of its individual parts. There is only one reason as to not treat a certain part of the body and that is due to a contra-indication such as pregnancy where you would not touch or massage the abdominal area or is say someone had a fungal infection upon their feet you would not massage their feet and would move onto the next step of the massage itself. These contra-indications could be on a temporary basis or they could be permanent and therefore this client would not be able to receive a treatment. There are some contra-indications such as cancer, epilepsy and a few others which would need a doctors approval before a treatment could be carried out upon the client for insurance reasons. For example for epilepsy if you do not know the trigger for a seizure and you had not received a doctors approval for the treatment and the client unfortunately had a seizure upon your table then the client might decide to sue the practitioner for causing this, this is why doctors approval is sought. Due to the Health and Safety at work act 1974 all employers and employees must maintain a high standard of health and safety in the work place as described in F. Goulds Body Massage for Holistic Therapists. Employers are responsible for the health and safety of anyone who enters their premises. If an employer has more than five employees, the work place must have a health and safety policy, of which all staff must be aware. There are many different procedures in the work place that all employees must adhere to such as the first aid and fire procedures, all employees should know where the first aid kits and fire extinguishers/ exits are located within the building for the safely of themselves and the clients, It is advisable however, that all practitioners are first aid qualified themselves in the event of an emergency. From the clients point of view the practitioner should know these things as well as have a basic understanding of personal hygiene in the sense of washing their hands properly, being of a clean and presentable appearance and be dressed appropriately for the treatment. This is due to the intimate nature of the massage with the close skin to skin contact as strong smelling perfumes or strong body odour can be very unpleasant for the client. A general knowledge of health and safety is beneficial for the example to clean up spillages as and when they happen as to avoid trips, slips and falls of either the client or yourself. A good general idea of protecting your equipment is ideal as oils and creams can become a hazard if left un-cleaned from the treatment table as this could cause a slip or the degrading of your equipment such as the vinyl of the table tops. For insurance purposes the practitioner must ensure that they do not perform a massage while they are unwell or when the client is contagious due to the spread of infection and should always wear gloves if they have any open areas upon their hands. This is for their own protection and that of the client as to not pass anything between them or onto any other client from the previous client. However it is also important to know if the client is well enough to receive the treatment, for this the practitioner must refer to the contraindication lists to see whether or not the client is acceptable to treat. The client should also be aware that at any point the practitioner is legally allowed to refuse treatment for withholding information or for unacceptable behaviour. The practitioner must also get the permission off the client at all times before a treatment if they can touch the client themselves, and they must ensure the client understands this and what is going to happen during the tr eatment for insurance purposes for the protection of both the client and practitioner. Personal safety for the practitioner is also important; these include the correct posture and the compression of the wrists. If either of these are incorrect then the practitioner later in their career could cause themselves more pain due to repetitive strain on the joints and could cause more damage if continued. To help prevent this the right table height should be selected for the practitioner as well as the correct foot wear to help with posture, also the right hand movements should be followed to help prevent the compression of the wrists. The most important piece of safety a practitioner should adhere to is their own safety when working with a client on their own such as a residential call or even in their own rooms at their treatment centre. If doing a residential call then the practitioner should only really perform these on clients that already know, they have a personal phone number for and they should always make sure someone knows where they are at which times and check i n after the appointment with either a family member or work colleague to show they are safe. If they get a new client after a residential call they should always follow the rules of asking for the residential phone number and insist upon phoning the day before the treatment to see if they still wish to receive the treatment. Making the treatment of a client a positive experience is one of the most important parts of making a massage holistic, the practitioner should look after their clients making sure they are comfortable with what is going on whether they are new or long term clients. To be a massage practitioner you should have excellent customer service skills, client care should be the most important thing to remember and should always be used every day with every client, the client should believe that the practitioner cares. The practitioner should always consult with the client and devise a treatment plan to suite the clients and stick to this plan unless anything changes in the circumstances with the client as well as receiving permission from the client for the practitioner to touch them during the treatment. During the treatment the discussion should be at a comfortable level for the client but also low enough for the client to relax and enjoy the treatment. After care should always be adhered to and offered to the client with a small encouragement of lifestyle changes if needed for the clients needs. Effects of Massage including the Physiological and psychological effects upon the client: Massage even though it is a holistic experience has been seen to have an effect of other areas of the human body and not just as a way to relax; a massage has been seen to show that it has both physiological and psychological effect upon the clients. Physiological effects are those which are shown upon the body itself and its function whereas psychological effects are those which manifest themselves in the mind and the emotions of the client. There are many different outcomes which could manifest for both on the anatomy and the body systems. In two different clinical trials that have been preformed independently of each other there is a show of the two different effects received after a massage treatment, one for the Physiological effects and one for the psychological effects. In the first trial the objective was to see if the early intervention with massage in children with Down syndrome would help with the motor skills and muscle tone. So parents with children suffering from Down syndrome where asked to attend one of two early intervention classes, one class was a body massage session and the other a reading session after a base line had been assessed upon their severity of the syndrome, some children were not used if sever mobility where involved or they had emotional problems as this might interfere with the trial. Twelve of the children were assigned to the massage sessions and eleven to the control reading session, so in overall there where twenty one children involved in this trial. Each session was scheduled for the same times each week and specific times of the day for both classes, and each session was on an individual basis, the sessions lasted for half an hour each, twice a week for two months, while the reading session was conducted the same way with the therapist holding the child while reading for the half an hour. This was the treatment that the children received in the following sequence: The 30-minute massage therapy session started with the child lying on a small mat on the floor. The therapist conducted the following sequence three times with the child in a supine position: Legs and feet-(a) while forming hands like a letter C and wrapping the fingers around the childs leg, long, milking and twisting strokes from the thigh to the ankles; (b) massaging foot by gliding thumbs across bottom of foot followed by squeezing and tugging each toe; (c) massaging across top of foot by gliding thumbs from ankle to toes; (d) flexing and extending the foot; (e) massaging from ankle to foot and back to ankle; (f) stroking from the ankle up towards the thigh; and (g) back and forth rolling movements (as if making a rope from dough) from the ankle to the thigh. Stomach-(a) slow, circular, rubbing movements to stomach area with one hand; (b) using the palms, hand over hand down the stomach in a paddlewheel fashion; (c) starting with thumbs together at the umbilicus, stroking horizontally to sides of body and then twice above and twice below the umbilicus; (d) using fingertips and starting below the umbilicus on the childs right side, small circular upward movements until even with the umbilicus, then continuing across to the left side, and then down on the left side to below the umbilicus; (e) with one hand following the other, short upward stroking from right side below the umbilicus, then Massage and Down syndrome 401 across the umbilicus to the left side of the body, and then down on the left side to below the umbilicus; and (f) cupping or holding sides of knees, bending both knees simultaneously towards the stomach and holding for three to five seconds. Chest-(a) with palms of hands on childs sternum, stroking outward across chest; (b) starting at sternum, stroking upwards and over tops of shoulders and down the sides of the ribs; and (c) starting at the right thigh, stroking diagonally through the chest to the opposite shoulder and back down to the same thigh; repeat starting at the left thigh; Arms and hands-same as legs and feet (i.e. replace legs with arms and feet with hands). Face-(a) making small circles to entire scalp (as if shampooing hair); (b) with flats of thumbs together on midline of forehead, stroking outward towards the temples; (c) stroking gently over the eyes and brows; (d) starting at the bridge of the nose, stroking across the cheekbones to the ears; and (e) making circular movements under the chin, around the jaw line, around the ears, to the back of the neck and the rest of the scalp. The following sequences were done after placing the children on their stomach (in a prone position). Back-applying oil to the hands: (a) starting at the top of the spine, alternating hand strokes across the back working down towards the tail bone (never pressing the spine) and reaching over to include the sides; (b) hand over hand movements from upper back to hips with flats of hands and then continuing to feet; (c) using circular motion with fingertips, from neck to hips stroking over the long muscles next to the spine and retracing on the other side of the spine; (d) making circular strokes with the palm of the hand to rub the tops of the shoulders; and (e) ending with long gliding strokes from the neck to the feet. As was described in the journal Children with Down syndrome improved in motor functioning and muscle tone following massage therapy (2006). The trial was held at the childrens early intervention pre-school centres, while the test was run by the university of Miami school of medicine. The results of this trial show that there was a greater gain for the results of the children who where massaged in their sessions than to those who where read too. The improvements were shown in the gross motor skills and fine motor skills development of the children as well as a marginal effect in their language development. This then showed that through the early intervention with massage it could help children with Down syndrome enhance their motor development at a faster rate than if they were left to mature in their own way. These results help to show that massage can have a physiological effect upon the body in helping to produce and enhance muscle tone. However, there is the argument that another control group could have been added into the trial to help show whether this is successful or not is a control group that uses light stokes instead of a pressure massage to help with the ethical problems of withholding the intervention from those in the reading session. This was all shown in the clinical trial journal of Children with Down syndrome improved in motor functioning and muscle tone following massage therapy (2006) which is located in the appendices. The second trial is to determine whether or not massage can have a psychological effect on the client and for this the trial was preformed for the Association of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology Nurses (2009). The aim of this trial was to reduce symptoms of children with cancer and to reduce the anxiety of their parents. Children with cancer, ages 1 to 18 years, received at least 2 identical cycles of Chemotherapy, and one parent, participated in the 2- period crossover design in which 4 weekly massage sessions alternated with 4 weekly quiet-time control Sessions. As described in the article Massage Therapy for Children with Cancer (2009). To determine if the massage was helping to relieve the psychological symptoms of anxiety in the parents and the symptoms of the children while the trial was progressing they measured everyones heart and respiratory rates, blood pressure, and salivary cortisol level as well as their pain, nausea, anxiety, and fatigue levels. According to the results of this trial the massage was more effective in reducing heart rate than quiet time in the children, the anxiety in the children aged fourteen and older and the anxiety in the adults. The clients all commented upon how the massage rather than the quiet time helped with their anxiety and helped them feel better. So due to their result it is feasible to massage children with cancer and their parents to help relieve their anxiety. Therefore this result helps to show that massage to the body can have a psychological effect upon the client in this sense it has reduced the anxiety of the both the children and the parents although in the younger babies the results did vary a little more than the other ages, but the results of the older children and the adults help to prove that just a massage on its own can have a psychological effect upon the human body. The trial that this assessment was based upon is located in the appendices as clinical trial 2. So both of these trials show that massage can had a successful outcome on the physiological and psychological effects portrayed on the body, they both proved that through a short massage the body can manifest its effects through muscle tone or motor function progression as well as to reduce anxiety in both children and adults. Neither of these two trials have a negative out come and therefore both are a success but there shall be a few trials where massage has not appeared to be successful at all or shows that it is a little less successful than anticipated, these however are normal and show both sides to an ongoing argument about whether massage is actually good for the body, mind and spirit on a whole or if it just theoretically works on the body.

Mcdonalds rewards

Mcdonalds rewards The Reward System I have read the reward system of McDonald and personally we are very impressed and committed with this so that’s why we are gating that idea from McDonald reward system. A Global food services retailer knows as McDonalds is the leading global foodservice retailer. Details about its operations: Founder : Ray Kroc Number of Restaurants : 31,000 Approx Number of People Serve : 58 Million Approx (118 countries) 75% of McDonalds restaurants worldwide are owned and operated by independent local men and women. Some famous dishes of McDonalds World Famous Fries, Big Mac, Quarter Pounder, Chicken McNuggets and Egg McDuffie. The well-built foundation that he built continues today with McDonalds idea and the commitment of our talented managers to keep the shine on McDonalds Arches for years to come. http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/mcd/our_company.html Reward system of McDonald For McDonalds Corporation U.S. employees at corporate, division and region offices, our many benefits are organized into four categories: Security and Health Security, health and insurance remuneration Medical Vision supplement plan Dental stretchy spending accounts Short and long term disability Employee and dependent life insurance Accidental death dismemberment (ADD) Travel and business travel accident insurance Salaries and Rewards Remuneration, compensation, reward and recognition programs Basic pay motivation pay Company car program Recognition programs Future incentives Reserves, investment and financial management programs Profit Sharing and Savings Plan MCDirect Shares Mc$ave Credit union Financial planning services Others benefits Job/life remuneration leave Holidays Anniversary splatter Sabbatical program Summer Hours Leave of absence substitute Work Approach taking up assistance Kids concession Educational support identical gifts program worker Resource relationship Auto and home insurance group concession program International Fitness Club Network afar Work Internet discount program http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/mcd/careers/employee_benefits.html Now we can discuse in detail the reward system The Reward System Statement and knowledge are significant components of the change procedure. However even if the change message is well communicated and well conservative, and people are given the chance to study so they can act if you see in the quite new atmospheric no one can go to alter their performance. If they see theyre not leaving to revolutionize. What do you thing the reward system is important? If the company fail to give the reward to employees you can see that effect will go to company profit because of this company will go downward. So the reward system will be play main role in it. If you give the benefits to your employee you see every employ will try to improve work for the organization. People only work for the rewards. Reward system is very attractive thing for employees of the organization, reward system increase and enhance their working capacity and commitment. For some people the reward may be mostly monetary. Similar like this any company or any Originations rewarding system always brought positive crash. Rewards Rewards are grand arent they? But keep in mind, so when the reward goes to employ the employ will use that benefits of the organization and with the help of this they also maintain the life and enjoy every moment of life. Now you want them to work in a different way. and to behave differently And dont remember, they are thoughts if Ive got to labor to get unique skills, whats in it for me? Hows it going away to work if Im doing an enormous job, but the other team members arent why should I lose out because the others arent performing? And how am I going to move ahead if there are smaller number levels in the association? What sort of prize determination I get? Is it worth the attempt to change? So previous to plummeting ahead with a alter project, you need to reply a few question concerning the current and prospect reward system. Primary, regarding What are the current rewards? What is at present rewarded? How do you provide the reward? And then about the future organization What do you want satisfied? What are the rewards leaving to be? Whats the score system going to be? Whos going to be doing the scoring? How will rewards be given? Who is leaving to be satisfied? Who will do the rewarding? CEOs, heads, directors, managers, supervisors, and simultaneous Engineering team members all need to be informed of the answer to his question upfront. And make it unadorned frank to the people who do the rewarding that if they dont give a reward that is due, they will be in deep problem because it will give the feeling that youre not grave about change. And once people start thinking that youre not serious concerning change, and start to hesitation your honesty, and then no one is leaving to alter their activities. The not on time moderator Tuttle said, the expert mans only asset is himself. If he does not contain the quality of honesty he is valueless. If he does he is invaluable. Good alter managers must have the excellence of integrity, and are invaluable. http://www.aboutmcdonalds.com/mcd/careers/employee_benefits.html Do YOU AGREE WITH PROFERMCE LINKED AWARD SYSTEM? I would like to share copied the meaning of Reward system along with that what is reward? Why we should be decided with satisfying scheme within our association. Plunder are great arent they? But keep in mind, after the hard work when the company give the attractive pay and other things for this hard work with the help of this the company goes up for these benefit in the shape of reward employee enjoy the life and that enjoyment makes his mind to more hard work for the company and for more to get the reward and make the life good and the employee desire them to work in a different way and good treat. Then you want prize them in a different way. Primary,ok and that benefit into the shape of reward change the employee’ you can get the prospect. Youll want to reward them for changing getting the right skill and behave the right way. Youll want to prize them for going a bit additional than average and doing things really right. Performance management includes processes that effectively communicate company aligned goals, evaluate employee performance and reward them fairly. Your Pay and Rewards (ref from McDonald’s reward system) Attractive program follows a pay for appearance beliefs: The better your results, the greater your pay opportunities. Base Pay Since employees bottom pay is the most important portion of their recompense, McDonalds maintain the competitiveness of our base pay through an annual review of both external market data and interior peer data. In our business, division and region offices, McDonalds has a broad banding compensation system. Broad banding allows for suppleness in terms of pay, movement and growth. Incentive Pay Inducement pay gives our workers with the possibility to earn spirited total compensation when performance meets and exceed goals. For our corporate, parting and region office, the Target Incentive Plan (TIP) links employee presentation with the presentation of the business they hold up. TIP pays a gratuity on top of employees base salaries base on business presentation and their person appearance. Long Term Incentives Long term incentives are granted to entitled workers to both prize and retain key employees who have shown continued presentation and can crash long-term value creation at McDonalds. for the befits of employees the long term incentives are very helpful because when the organization has a policies of incentives or long term incentives then the employees of the organization feel secured and work hardly for the organization. Similar like this any company or any Originations rewarding system always brought positive crash. Recognition Programs Our recognition programs are intended to reward and recognize physically powerful performers. For our corporate, separation and region offices, these take in the president Award (given to the top 1% of individual performers worldwide) and the Circle of fineness Award (given to top teams worldwide to be familiar with their aid for advancing our vision). Once start to hesitation your honesty, and then no one is leaving to alter their activities Appraisal system is also very helpful and makes a positive competition and encouragement in between the employees of the organization. Promotions will be appraisal based which encourage employees for hard work. Company Car Program Our company car program provides entitled employees with a company car for both business and individual / personal use. If entitled, employees can decide from. This is also very encouraging and motivating incentive for employees. It creates competition between employees and they work hard to get this incentive. I had explained earlier above in easy words which are also explaining the definition of rewarding system within Organization. I am really agreed by satisfying system in any system which is very much helpful for the worker of company or Organization’s person who is been rewired in past work more harder for future to get better achievement in his life’s would like add one simple example of satisfying system why we should be agreed because if we deliberate hard then institution of higher education Reward us with Degree which greet the internal feelings of any person. Similar like this any company or any Originations rewarding system always brought positive crash. Rewarding system is basically encouragement for employees and appreciation for their hard work. Rewarding system is very beneficial for the organization too. Rewarding system always longed-for either it is for client reward to make them content for keep coming back to you or reward for urn worker for the best services. Rewards for clients or employees is very attractive and worth full. Organization will get many benefits from awarding system. The primary emphasis: In the approach discussed above is on as long as monetary plunder to be familiar with teams and cooperation. A recent study shows the feasibility of using non-financial rewards for this purpose. The study (Shaw Schneider, 1995) focussed on recital and reward management practices in large organizations using full-time teams of excused employees. Its results point to that only one-fourth of the organization surveyed used financial rewards to be familiar with teams; the rest used a wide variety of non-financial rewards including public recognition of high performing teams. Many organizations reward employees who are effectual team contributor through highly valued job and team assignments. Teamwork itself can provide intrinsic rewards through swelling and enrichment of work. Being a member of a well-known, highly prestigious team may be perceived as an even more intrinsically pleasing reward. Much organization gives targets to their employees. When they achieve their target, organizati ons reward them. Devising reward systems: A figure of design issue should be kept in mind while devise prize systems to be familiar with team success and human being team members aid to this achievement. To begin with, it is very important to set team objectives which spell out evidently what is usual from the team. These objectives can then be used to decide team level prize. Sometimes, teams are encouraged to compete against each other for a team level prize. This practice can hamper cooperation, information-sharing, and coordination across teams. Inter-dependencies among teams should be considered before implementing such competitive rewards. The next main issue relates to the distribution of team level reward among individual team members. Reward could be dispersed equally or differentially. Equal distribution can endorse cooperation among team members. But, it can also. DESIGNING A REWARD PROGRAM The keys to just beginning a reward show is as follows: Credit of corporation or group goal that the reward program will support Identification of the desired employee performance or behaviours that will strengthen the companys goals strength of mind of key measurements of the performance or behaviour, base on the person or groups preceding achievement Determination of suitable rewards Communication of program to employees. This system is depends on Employees performance and behaviour, if there performance and behaviour is positive then they will get more benefits from the organization. On the other hand, if they their performance and behaviour is not good then there is not reward for them, this will be encourage them for hard work and positive and good behaviour. DIFFERENTIATING REWARDS FROM MERIT PAY AND THE PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL In scheming a reward program, a little business landlord needs to divide the salary or value pay system from the reward system. monetary rewards, especially those given on a regular basis such as bonuses, gain sharing, etc., should be tied to an employees or a groups activities and should be careful pay at risk in order to coldness them from salary. By doing consequently, a manager can avoid a sense of entitlement on the part of the employee and ensure that the reward] highlight fineness or achievement rather than basic competency. Performance appraisal is based on the performance and behaviour of the employees, this is very beneficial for the company to make a good competition between the employees, if company give those benefits on the basis of their performance and behaviour / attitude and hard work, and this will encourage and attract the other one who is not performing well. Conclusions It is very much clear that current prize systems require changes to fit with the rising organizational realities. Skill-based pay, broadband pay structures, variable pay, and team rewards are among the new approaches that have been suggested in the creative writing. When we will give those Prizes, rewards, pays according to their skills and behaviour and performance then they will feel secured and this will increase their working skill. The discussion in this paper indicates that logic underlying this approach appears to be sound, but many key design issues confront them. I-O psychologists and other behavioural scientists can play a significant role in addressing this issue. Question: How will you define a Career? Describe the Strategies adopted for career development in Organization. Definition: The initiative for your future has long been searched in the social sciences. It has been described as being in connection with individuality and as long as a residual trace of the individual’s relationship with work. A constructionist approach to research enables a focus on the language of career-talk as an opaque incidence. The analysis of 54 interviews with university alumnae working by one large, UK based, high street seller provides an illustration of how common sense understandings nearby career work as a backdrop to individual financial records. Career as a strategic plan is denied, yet negotiate as a legitimate, even attractive, behavior of the employing association. Although the focal point of analysis is on the tools and does of communication, situated at a micro level, this analysis illustrates how specific constructive practices make worldwide notions of career relevant and up for re-negotiation in interaction Palming for making the good future: How are major UK utilizing institutions commerce with career growth in situation which we are told threaten the very idea of a future career? Carer building is one the important aspect of human resource management and it plays an important role in motivation of employees. Pressures building change in the concept of good career as imbursement together safety and series have come from hard works shortage and continually changes in company. They have brought attractive and beautiful successful ways leave the work protection, very less job atmosphere, no one can made the career. These things which are different on the earth one more thing raises for the success of these jobs. Growth we mean all those performance increasing the human mind and then he use the batter in the work as well as teaching and guidance. Changing tasks The case study organisations plays their role in this in this investigates have surely been under strong stress to review their facts about career growth. Most of them have abridged the promise of the organisation to managing the career progress of the labour force from director of manager. It was explained that in job shift batter meant of future (career) employer managed it. (Board of director who had the power and daily basis employer for the well result specially arranging the employee (by the employee)( personal development plans). Modified to over come organisational and individual need. Segmented strategies What is visibly incidence is that beneath the universal rhetoric of career growth (most often about helped self-development), real strategic place differ from each other Workforce to another: Older managers and experienced workers are receipt rehabilitated attention and are still usual for career with the farm either if it is not career of life. Successful plan work stay for long-time, and the build-up the group is also planned. For the career improvement: The maximum hard workers here the original company problem. if the every one try to encourage and push up the others so the that thing will be improve the level of activity in the organization and for this everyone will be honest with the job and the organization will be improve day by day Knowledge of the organisations in this investigate research plan based on gap point of three Keyes .each of which needs to be stopped up before oratory and realism align. A complete honest message The primary hole is flanked by the wants of the business and the fixed message from the top concerning careers and advance. This gap occurs either because the career expansion point is no good, it is badly and not fair linked or because it is poorly or dishonestly communicated. Specific the original career development place may be segmented, belied by a worldwide message. Workable career development processes. The moment hole is involving the career improvement clue accepted and the processes or interventions which HR people put in place. At in attendance these processes do not seem to bring into line with the message, they do not fit jointly, and they are not well unspoken. Real intention to deliver The third break is stuck between the official messages — of rule and/or processes — and the realism of employment and development practices. This hole clearly occurs if the message is lying. It also occurs if workers see that systems are not important for used, actually that previous plan are not suitable for promise and causes. It is just because of this gap that recourses for labour force to observe career growth scheme as mere rhetoric. What workers and their managers need at current is a much clearer sight of: The assumptions the company is creation about their prospect service and its intention to support their progress Practical processes for deploy people and delivering enlargement which are consistent with these intention The reserve and promise for taking these types of program used If we see in past we can get that simple ways in which the company could use the out test for the planed strategies and special and important clues for the good results. Ref: www.aboutmcdonalds.com.

Cancer and Lucille Cliftons Poetry Essay -- Lucille Clifton poem Poet

Cancer and Lucille Clifton's Poetry Sometimes knowledge of someone’s life can be taught by stanzas. It is not always simple being honest and open to discuss past troubles, but it is important that those negative thoughts do not stay bottled inside you. Expressing these feelings can help aid in recovering. Lucille Clifton uses poetry as her therapy to bring out all the shadows in her life. From the beginning of her career with the publishing of Good News About the Earth in 1972 to the most recent addition, Mercy in 2004, we see how Clifton relies on her writing to capture her past. Lucille Clifton’s poetry traces the life of a strong woman imprisoned by loss and disease, but eventually frees herself by living each moment as if it were her last. When you open up one of Lucille Clifton’s books of poetry, you will first notice her unique form. Her poems lack capitalization, punctuation, and many of her poems reject the normal etiquette for spacing. They are often described as â€Å"spare in form, deceptively simple in language, complex in ideas, and reflective of the commonplace† (Houston). The lack in form seems to be very significant because there are some poems where capitalization and punctuation are used. In Holladay’s Wild Blessings, it is suggested that â€Å"like the Beat poets, black activist poets were reacting against the political and literary establishment†(19). There is importance in the lack of form, but it seems that Clifton was not aiming to revolutionize, but merely make a point that the way the poem is written reflects her feelings on the subject. In 1972 Clifton published Good News About the Earth, which addresses societal issues of the time, heroism, family and religion. We see the first instanc... ...eel that she has found some peace with her troubles. She no longer questions the worst, but instead stops the talking and lives her life without fear of the unknown. Works Cited Clifton, Lucille . Good News About The Earth. New York: Random House, 1972. Clifton, Lucille . Mercy. Rochester: BOA Editions, Ltd., 2004. Clifton, Lucille . The Terrible Stories. Brockport: BOA Editions, Ltd., 1996. Hartman, Stephanie. "Reading The Scar in Breast Cancer Poetry." Feminist Studies 2004. 09 Apr 2006 Holladay, Hilary. Wild Blessings: The Poetry of Lucille Clifton. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2004. Houston, Helen R. "About Lucille Clifton." Modern American Poetry. 1995. 09 Apr. 2006 . "The Terrible Stories." Amazon.ca: Editorial Reviews Books. 1996. Publishers Weekly. 09 Apr. 2006 . (amazon).

Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia in Beetal Goats Essay -- Health, Ou

Abstract Seroprevalence, clinical findings and lesions of contagious caprine pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in Beetal goats were recorded during an outbreak. The overall seroprevalence of CCPP was 32.50%. Confirmation of Mycoplasma mycoides in serum was carried out using counter immunoelectrophoresis (CIE) technique. The highest CIE positive cases were recorded in the older goats (51.72%) as compared to young ones. Nasal swabs were collected from 39 goats showing respiratory signs were found positive for Mycoplasma. The most and consistent clinical findings were mild to severe cough, purulent nasal secretion, emaciation, dysponea, increased respiration rate and pyrexia. Mortality due to CCPP was 9.17%. Consolidation of lungs exhibited the highest frequency (100%) followed by alveolar exudation (90.90%) and pleural adhesion (72.72%). Among the microscopic lesions, septal peribronchiolar fibrosis exhibited the highest frequency (81.81%) followed by fibrious pleuritis (63.63%) and peribronchio lar cuffing of mononuclear cells (54.54%) in lungs. From these results, it can be concluded that contagious caprine pleuropneumonia under subtropical conditions has great prevalence in Beetal goats and leads to significant mortality. Keywords: Beetal goat . Pakistan. CCPP . Seroprevalence . Pathology Introduction At present, there are 58.3 million goats in Pakistan and their population is increasing at the rate of more than 3% per annum (Afzal, 2010). Pakistan is the third largest goat producing country in the world after China and India. The goat farming in Pakistan is threatened by the prevalence of many infectious and non infectious diseases. Among the infectious disease, contagious caprine pleuropneumonia is a major threat to goat population... ...us pleuropneumonia in the acute stage were also observed in sheep (Momani et al. 2006). Similar lesion were also reported in animal suffering with CCPP from a longer duration exhibited chronic pleuropneumonia or chronic pleuritis (Gelagay et al. 2007). Histopathologically lungs tissue showed mucopurulent to fibrinopurulent exudates accumulation in the aveoli, septal peribronchiolar fibrosis, dilated hyperplastic bronchi, alveolar exudates was dominated by macrophages and with a variable component of neutrophils, and pulmonary fibrosis peribronchiolar mononuclear cuffing were also observed in present study. Similar histopathological changes with lesser intensity were also reported in sheep and goats (Goncalves et al. 2010). Clinico-pathological findings and seroprevalence of disease provided evidence and the presence of CCPP in beetle goats in district Faisalabad.

Organisation and management sample paper

Each question is marked out of 10. Please start each question on a new page. 3. Write your answers in the answer booklets provided. Please mark your questions clearly so that we know which questions you have attempted. Make sure your name is clearly indicated on the cover of the examination booklets . Decision-misunderstanding Describe the five (5) steps in the decision making process and provide an example to illustrate the process. Then discuss any one behavioral influence on decision- making and explain how it may influence the example you provided. 2.Organizing Explain the purpose of the organizing function In the relation to the other three (3) functions of the management process. Then compare the functional, divisional, and matrix organizational structures. 3. Controlling Why do managers need to establish controls In organizations? Explain what Is meant by bureaucratic control and clan control In organizations and provide examples to Illustrate your answer. 4. Leadlngandmanagln gchange Explain the purpose of the leading function In the relation to the other three (3) functions of the management process.There are some Important differences between a manager and a leader. Describe the mall differences between a manager and a leader. 5. Communicationandinterpersonalskills Describe at least three conflict management styles and give examples of each. Then explain why the collaborative approach to conflict management is often preferred over the other styles of conflict management. 6. Indeterminateness motivation. Then give one detailed example of each, and explain which approach best describes how you are motivated to work more efficiently and effectively.

Never: High School High Essay

Dropping out of school is an issue faced by many teens today. I feel that there are many reasons why students want to and do dropout of school. Due to my research students use dropping out of school as a way to escape from their problems. Further in this paper I will provide you with the information telling you what I recollect the problems are. One of the greatest problems students have in countries such as the US is dropping out of school. I feel that the most average reason for students turning to dropping out is because of them being affected by their family problems. One way they could become affected is by their family, is having obsessive parents. Students might feel if they stop going to school it could be the only way to get back at parents that act in such manner. Another reason for students dropping out of schools is because of their family income. Everyone knows that young people these days have the thought that they need flashy and expensive clothing to go to school. Students could also have the thought because of misguidance. They could have a family that has been raised on relying on something other than school for a key into happiness. I think if students have some desire for school one will work their ups and downs out throughout the school years. See it is possible for family to be the problem that’s makes some drop out. If a student does not feel well, it is most likely that the student’s performance decreases. I feel if the student has no desire what so ever for school there no way the student will make it through school. School is another object that forces students to give up and dropout. Changes of the family environment might also affect the student’s progression, if a parent dies, another child is born, the student has a child, and the circumstances change significantly. And some teaching staff teaches to fast and with the teacher moving too fast could cause failure in grades and that also makes students give up. Anything that causes a student to feel unsafe could make them dropout. Additionally, teachers could be the reason as well. The student is the last reason I will tell you about but is not the last reason known. If you want a good future go through school and there’s a 90% percent better chance your life will turn out better. The other students gets the student to dropout to see what happens to them because they really is the one who wants to but isn’t sure what will happen. No matter what your problems are you shouldn’t drop out of school. Teachers could be teaching in a way that’s not making the course interesting, which also could make the student bored with the course and not getting any motivation from the teaching staff leads to less attendance of the course. It’s been known for years that young people who do not earn a high school diploma face many more problems later in life than people who graduate. Dropouts are more likely to be unemployed, have poor health, live in poverty, be on public assistance, and be single parents. National leaders have demanded that schools, communities, and families take major steps to retain students but the dropout rate remains high. Every 29 seconds, another student gives up on school, resulting in more than one million American dropouts a year – or 7,000 every day. What defines a dropout? Dropping out is defined as leaving school without a high school diploma or equivalent credential such as a General Educational Development (GED) certificate as defined by the National Center for Education Statistics. Characteristics of Students Who Drop Out Social economic Background. National data show that students from low-income families are 2. 4 times more likely to drop out of school than are children from middle-income families, and 10. 5 times more likely than students from high-income families. Disabilities. Students with disabilities are also more likely to drop out. The National Transition Study estimates that as many as 36. 4% of disabled youth drop out of school before completing a diploma or certificate. Race-ethnicity. Hispanics and African Americans are at greater risk of dropping out than whites. Hispanics are twice as likely as African Americans to drop out. White and Asian American students are least likely to drop out. Academic Factors. National research also indicates that academic factors are clearly related to dropping out. Students who receive poor grades, who repeat a grade, or who are over-age for their class are more likely to drop out. Absenteeism. Students who have poor attendance for reasons other than illness are also more likely to drop out. Clearly, students who miss school fall behind their peers in the classroom. This, in turn, leads to low self-esteem and increases the likelihood that at-risk students will drop out of school. Occupational Aspirations. Young people’s perceptions of the economic opportunities available to them also play a role in their decision to drop out or stay in school. Dropouts often have lower occupational aspirations than their peers. Predictive Factors. The following individual-level factors are all strongly predictive of dropping out of high school: Grade retention (being held back to repeat a grade) Poor academic performance Moves location during high school High absenteeism High absenteeism The student’s feeling that no adult in the school cares about his or her welfare Reasons young people give for dropping out: Didn’t like school in general or the school they were attending Were failing, getting poor grades, or couldn’t keep up with school work Didn’t get along with teachers and/or students Had disciplinary problems, were suspended, or expelled. Didn’t feel safe in school Got a job, had a family to support, or had trouble managing both school and work Got married, got pregnant, or became a parent Had a drug or alcohol problem Consequences of dropping out: In recent years, advances in technology have fueled the demand for a highly skilled labor force, transforming a high school education into a minimum requirement for entry into the labor market. Because high school completion has become a basic prerequisite for many entry-level jobs, as well as higher education, the economic consequences of leaving high school without a diploma are severe. Earnings Potential. On average, dropouts are more likely to be unemployed than high school graduates and to earn less money when they eventually secure work. Employed dropouts in a variety of studies reported working at unskilled jobs or at low-paying service occupations offering little opportunity for upward mobility. Dropping out, in turn, causes other secondary, indirect problems: Public Assistance. High school dropouts are also more likely to receive public assistance than high school graduates who do not go on to college. In fact, one national study noted  that dropouts comprise nearly half of the heads of households on welfare. Single Parents. This increased reliance on public assistance is likely due, at least in part, to the fact that young women who drop out of school are more likely to have children at younger ages and more likely to be single parents than high school graduates. Prisons. The individual stresses and frustrations associated with dropping out have social implications as well: dropouts make up a disproportionate percentage of the nation’s prisons and death row inmates. One research study pointed out that 82% of America’s prisoners are high school dropouts. Why do so many students drop out school? Why do students drop out? Today MPs expressed impatience with universities for failure to block the hemorrhage of students from their courses. In the five years since the public accounts committee’s (PAC) last report on university dropout rates, just over a fifth of students still quit their original course. According to the latest figures in today’s PAC report, around 28,000 full-time and 87,000 part-time students who started first-degree courses in 2004-05 were no longer in higher education a year later. This is despite ? 800m being paid to universities over the same period to help retain those students most likely to leave their courses early. Last summer’s National Audit Office (NAO) cited several, inter-related reasons, among them personal and financial reasons, homesickness, failing to bond, dissatisfaction with, or the wrong choice of, course – where working-class students in particular may lack the confidence to change course or institution. But the PAC report suggests widening participation – the government’s desire to see more students with no history of higher education going to university – is partly to blame. But is widening participation really responsible for high dropout rates? Certainly the committee concludes that universities need to do better at providing the kind of teaching and support services those students from under-represented groups need. And there is â€Å"great disparity† between universities in the rate at which students continue to a second year of study. According to the committee’s chairman, Edward Leigh, comprehensive and reliable information upon which decisions on how to improve retention can be based – including data on why students leave – is missing in many cases. â€Å"Personal tuition and pastoral  care should also be given a higher priority and appropriate resources, especially as many universities are large and can be impersonal,† he explained. His committee’s 2002 report recommended more funding to support students from low-income backgrounds, tackling skills gaps, supporting students with disabilities and providing more information for potential students. On top of better data collection, today’s report concludes that universities should provide additional remedial academic support for students and more access to tutors for pastoral and academic help, especially as the number of students entering institutions increases. But vice-chancellors argue their universities have coped admirably with among the best student completion rates for HE internationally, despite student numbers rising by 25% between 1999 and 2004. Universities UK (UUK) president Prof Rick Trainor said: â€Å"Universities are committed to supporting their students throughout their time in higher education and have introduced many initiatives and schemes designed specifically to help students complete their studies – for example, mentoring, study skills and support. † But he conceded there was â€Å"room for improvement in certain areas†. In particular, UUK is looking at whether students who decide to leave could fill in an â€Å"exit questionnaire† to give universities more information on their reasons for dropping out. Pam Tatlow, chief executive of the Million+ group of new universities, wants to see the government commission research to look at the costs to universities of recruiting and supporting different types of students. â€Å"Our research shows that different fee regimes for full-time and part-time students [who respectively pay at the end of their course or up front] is a disincentive for people who are struggling to stay on,† she said. Quite a few universities perform better than the Higher Education Funding Council for England (Hence) benchmark sets for them, she explained: â€Å"Universities lose money if they don’t retain their students so it’s in their interest to improve retention rates. † But the money universities get for widening participation or part-time students – â€Å"premium† – does not cover costs, she warned. And universities that do more to widen participation are also likely to have more mature students who are more vulnerable to dropping out: 14% compared with 6. 8% of young entrants. Gamma Tumult, president of the National Union of Students, said: â€Å"It is vital that [widening participation] institutions are funded fairly to provide academic, pastoral and financial support – otherwise, we risk admitting students from the most disadvantaged backgrounds on a false promise. † â€Å"Markets in fees and bursaries will only exacerbate this situation and that must be taken into account in the 2009 review,† she added. Tumult also backed the idea of an exit survey and called for â€Å"more transparency† on how money is being spent. This would enable universities to reallocate funds where they are really needed, she said. Hence, which allocates universities’ widening participation funding, said it was positive drop out rates had stayed the same despite huge increases in student numbers. A spokesman said: â€Å"The funding is worthwhile because if students from non-traditional backgrounds do get through the first year in particular, they do stand a very good chance of succeeding. † Hefted is planning to hold a number of workshops with the NAO and HE representatives in March and April on how to improve performance and retention, which will inform its response to the report. As academics and administrators talk, thousands of students continue to drop out and experience the difficulties, financial and personal, this brings. The sector still seems no closer to a solution. Why Teens Drop Out of School Teens drop out of school for many reasons, and the decision to drop out is rarely spur of the moment. Kids usually drop out of school following a long process of disengagement and academic struggle. Many teens say they were bored and frustrated with classes that didn’t seem relevant to their life. Or they felt they had fallen so far behind they eventually gave up hope. Teen’s report that no one really cared about their school experience, or they felt subtly â€Å"pushed out† by school staff who perceived them as difficult or dangerous. What is absolutely predictable is that many kids who don’t finish high school do poorly in life. Without a high school diploma they will have a harder time finding a job, and they will earn much less when they do find one (about a million dollars less over a lifetime). They are more likely to have poor health, to live in poverty, and to have children at an early age, who in turn are also more likely to drop out of school. Nationally, seventy percent of inmates in prison didn’t graduate from high school. We often ask ourselves why some teens drop out of school. While some may have obvious reasons, other teens seem like a mystery and we have a hard time figuring out why some of them would drop out. Not all students are equal, some simply have special needs and school becomes too hard for them. This includes children with emotional issues, behavioral problems, learning disabilities and other teen problems that may interfere with their school work and the ability to learn. But these are not the only reasons; some kids from certain cultural background simply fail to blend into a school where another ethnicity is dominant. There are also teens that come from homes which are not supportive enough and they lack the motivation to finish school. Teens that drop out can be from both rich and poor families, but poor children with low economic standards and children of single parents have a higher risk of dropping out of high school. The rates of teens that drop out of schools depend on various factors. Teen boys are more likely to drop out of school than girls. Also Hispanic and African American teens are more likely to drop out than Asian American students and Caucasians. Students in large cities are also more likely to drop out than students from small towns and suburbs. As you can see dropping out of school can happen because of learning issues and development or even because of social factors like ethnicity and family heritage. Some of the most common reasons that influence a teen to drop out of school include: – History of poor academic achievements. – Older than classmates due to being left behind – Emotional issues – Behavioral problems – Learning disabilities – Influence by low achieving peers – Low attendance – Social issues – Family problems The reasons are plenty, and they can go from family issues and even history of abuse, drug related issues, mental problems to social issues, low standard, peer pressure, up to medical issues like poor health. Some teens get pregnant so they drop out of school, some teens simply lost interest. One of the factors is the teacher’s attitude and behavior towards students. Most students that dropped out of school reported that they were either ignored and not given enough attention by their teachers or that they were actually encouraged by their teachers to drop out of school. We all know that a teacher can sometimes go after a student; the pressure can very well be the cause of dropping out. Again, the reasons are plenty and as such it is hard to concentrate on prevention as various factors influence this outcome. While the reasons kids drop out vary, the following are six important risk factors: 1. Academic difficulty and failure. Struggling in school and failing classes is one of the main reasons teens drop out, and this pattern often shows up early. Students who fail eighth grade English or math, for example, are seventy-five percent more likely to drop out of high school. 2. Poor attendance. Teens who struggle in school are also absent a lot, and along with academic failure, absenteeism is an important future predictor for dropping out. As with the previous example, students who are absent for twenty percent of their eighth grade year (one day per week) are also highly likely to drop out in high school. 3. Being held back (retention). Linked to academic difficulty, students who are held back and who are older than the kids in their grade also tend to drop out. 4. Disengagement from school. Many kids who drop out say that school was boring and teachers did little to connect learning to real life. They didn’t feel invested in their school and they didn’t feel that adults seemed interested in them or their high school experience. 5. Transition to a new school. A poor transition from the smaller, more protected environment of middle school to the anonymity of a high school can cause a teen to have difficulty catching up-and some kids never do. 6. Other life factors. Pregnancy, family problems, and financial difficulties are all factors that distract a student from schoolwork and make keeping up more challenging. The good news is that dropping out is easily prevented. Most teens who drop out had at least passing grades, and these kids say that, with some help, they could have completed high school. Parents who are involved in their kids’ education often make the difference between academic success and failure. Kids do better when their parents care: when parents make sure their kids get to school and are progressing well and when parents communicate their expectations for success. If problems arise, involved parents have laid a solid foundation for dealing with them. Start early to prevent high school dropouts. Read the article â€Å"Seven Middle School Ideas to Stay Ahead for Parents† for tips.