Exercise Chapter 4 Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Exercise Chapter 4 - Assignment Example Adjusting IT to an undertaking is important is basic to improve organization and administration conveyance. Great organization improves responsibility, hazard return parity and cost structures (Guglielmo, 2009). It coordinates all parts of venture the board from plan execution to observing the achievement of all segments of the undertaking. Overseeing venture work is a perplexing procedure that includes coordination of endeavors from various degrees of an association. It requests excellent combination of undertaking the board standards and strategies. The administration of two ventures, Adelaide Desalination Project Adelaide, Australia SA Water Corporation, and Prairie Waters Project, Aurora, Colorado, USA, excellently coordinated and dealt with their task work. The ventures got acknowledgment in the â€Å"PMI Project of the Year award† in the year 2013 and 2011 individually. The Adelaide Desalination Project, which the South Australian and Australian governments, AdelaideAqua, and the Kaurna people group attempted, was a task finished by South Australian Water Corporation (Kumar and Farinola, 2012). Correspondence was the general thought by the association since it included the organized endeavors of independent specialists, (AdelaideAqua, a consortium of McConnell Dowell Constructors, Abigroup Contractors, Acci ona Agua and Trilit), and network pioneers. Dexterity and hazard the executives were likewise two contemplations that guaranteed achievement of the undertaking. The group kept up a forceful calendar through making review forms and exacting danger evaluation (Kelly, 2013). Independently, Prairie Waters Project, Aurora, Colorado, USA, was finished two months before its proposed date of culmination in light of model venture the board aptitudes (Learnard and Kelly, 2011). The undertaking directors quality the accomplishment of the venture, which was likewise underneath spending plan, to cutting superfluous highlights from the plant and magnificent arranging (Illescas,

Algeria Research Paper Final Draft essays

Algeria Research Paper Final Draft papers Algeria dislike some other province of France. At a certain point it was really a piece of the French land itself. Algeria battled a war of autonomy that was long and brutal, not at all like different countries that had quiet and peaceful insurgencies. Algerias progressive course of events is a captivating one. Algeria is situated in northern Africa. The capital of Algeria is Algiers, which is a beach front city in the northern locales of Algeria. Algeria is a fairly huge country, with a surmised size of 3.5 occasions the size of Texas. Its coastline is around 620 miles in length, where its shores contact the Mediterranean Sea, the main waterway that Algeria fringes. In 2003, the populace was recorded to be around 32,818,500 individuals. Algeria has a for the most part dry atmosphere, with wet winters and dry summers. The territory is for the most part high level and desert, with certain mountains, and a tight, lopsided beach front plain. Algeria experiences 3 principle characteristic dangers: quakes, landslides, and floods in the blustery season. Algeria doesn't have a great deal of current innovation. There are 2.3 million phones. From the start, this may appear to be a ton, yet this signifies the amazingly little normal of around 5 phones for every 100 individuals. There are just 33,500 phones for the 32,818,500 individuals living in Algeria. Algeria has 7.1 million radios and 3.1 million TVs. Algerias foundation and transportation are not amazing. With just 2,468 miles of railroad, 64,622 miles of thruway, 13 ports and harbors, 136 air terminals, Algeria is not really ready to suit the requirements of the individuals. One would feel that with 998 km of coastland, Algeria would have several conduits. Algeria has no conduits by any stretch of the imagination, hindering vehicle of exchanged merchandise to the internal grounds. There is a ton of destitution in Algeria. The measure of cash originating from imports is not exactly the cash originating from sends out, which isn't useful for the economy. Algeria wrapped up this w... <!

Heart Attack Essay Topics That Will Benefit Everyone

Heart Attack Essay Topics That Will Benefit EveryoneHeart attack is a term that has become a part of everyday conversation for many people. Although the term 'heart attack' is a general term to describe a whole category of medical conditions, it is still possible to find writing projects that will benefit people who have suffered a heart attack. These resources provide valuable support to those people experiencing a heart attack in order to help them live a normal life.One of the most well known forms of aid article is a 'memoir.' There are many different memoirs to choose from, but the main concept is to write about how the person was effected by their illness. The memoir should be specific enough to make the reader understand what happened, but also broad enough to include personal thoughts and feelings. A heart attack essay topic could include the story of how someone's life has been changed due to their illness.Another piece of writing that can benefit those who suffer from a hea rt attack is a diary. These diaries can also be used as a memoir, but are written in an objective way rather than as a personal account. The writer can write about the condition, but may not have to describe the events in detail. Writing about his or her personal experiences is important so the readers can understand the situation the person is in.The good news is that there are a number of people who can benefit from writing about these essay topics. However, it is always important to remember that not all people are going to be open to sharing their experiences in this way. This is why it is important to seek the approval of the writer before publishing the piece.As a case in point, some hospitals and health care providers prefer that people do not use the term 'heart attack' to describe these essay topics. When a patient is in the process of healing from a heart attack, they might be more comfortable discussing the process with a group. Although there are health care professional s who prefer that a person does not use the term 'heart attack' to describe their illness, some health care providers do not feel comfortable having their patients describe their conditions in that manner.In order to determine which essay topics are going to work best for the writer, it is important to look at the professional recommendations. If a patient is being treated for a heart attack, he or she might not feel comfortable talking about their condition in a traditional form. They may also want to ask friends and family members about their experience with doctors who are able to use the term 'heart attack' when referring to their condition.With any essay topic, it is important to consider the specific need of the writer. While a family member might be willing to offer their opinion, a doctor may not be so eager to explain his or her professional opinion. Therefore, it is important to consult with a professional in order to create a thoughtful essay that is suitable for both the doctor and the reader.If the family member agrees to write about these essay topics, it is important to take advantage of the opportunity. The problem is that not everyone will be happy to do so, so the essay should clearly state the purpose. Ideally, the essay will identify the audience for the piece, the writer's qualifications, and the general quality of the writing. All of these elements should be included to ensure that the material is useful to a wide range of people.

Global Warming Essay - 685 Words

Blanc BIO-220 June 3, 2014 Tina Salat Global Warming caused by Human activities Global warming is, in essence, the gradual rising of temperatures in the Earth’s atmosphere. As global warming increases, temperatures become higher; mostly in the Earth’s oceans, which can have devastating effects on the Earth’s ecosystem (Weart, 2004). Global warming in when â€Å"the Earths atmosphere is overloaded with heat-trapping carbon dioxide, which threatens large-scale disruptions in climate with disastrous consequences† (nrdc.org, 2014). Global warming has become a prevalent issue as of late, given our increased acknowledgement of our own complicity and role in the dramatic increase in global warming in recent years. Global warming can happen for a†¦show more content†¦One of the scariest things about global warming is its ability to dramatically affect our way of life if we do not curb our greenhouse emissions. Sea levels can rise drastically, spilling over into the land where people, plants, and animals live in. The polar ice caps ca n melt, also causing massive destruction, and much less habitable land will be available for people and animals to live on. To that end, it is absolutely vital that we take changes to minimize our emissions and environmental impact so that Global warming can somehow be reversed and even fixed for the continuation of life on the planet. On an individual level, there are many things that people including myself can do to minimize the effects of global warming. Many of these things more or less add up to simply using less power and fewer non-biodegradable goods. Turning off lights when they are not being used, investing in more energy-efficient appliances, and even investing in alternative power sources such as solar power and wind power are significant steps we can take to dramatically reduce our carbon footprint. Using cars less, in favor of mass transit or bicycles, is another way to reduce greenhouse gases in significant ways. Focusing on using recyclable products and biodegradable goods is another way to reduce the burden on the world’s landfills. OtherShow MoreRelated Global Warming Essay1090 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Warming   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  We should all be very concerned about our future on Earth as human beings. We may not be at such an immediate risk of burning to death, but our future descendants are. Every year, the overall temperature has gone up slowly. Eventually Earth will be too hot to live on, and the human race will become extinct! The best way to save our future is to start now. Americans should be conscientious of global warming and should watch their CO2 emissions because increasing CO2 concentrationsRead MoreGlobal Warming Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesNovember 2014 Global Warming Essay The idea of global became prevalent when the world began industrializing. As the popularity of cars grew and industrial factories began to spring up the air quality suffered. The problem was not recognized because, aside from a few orange skies, there were no obvious effects. Although in this day and age we can see what global warming is doing to our Earth, there are still those people who believe that humans are too small to make an impact. Global warming is tooRead More Global Warming Essay2543 Words   |  11 PagesGlobal Warming is an increase in the average temperature around the world. Scientists have been able to trace the global climate and concluded that over the last ten thousand years, the climate of the earth has been relatively constant. In the twentieth century, the global temperature increased 0.740 °C. The change in the warming, and cooling, of average global temperatures cause climate change, a change related to climate patterns such as temperatures, rainfall, wind and humidity. This flux inRead MoreGlobal Warming Essay: Facts About Global Warming2102 Words   |  9 PagesGlobal Warming Essay: Facts about Global Warming Spread Environmental Awareness and Encourage Fight against Global Warming Through Your Global Warming Essay The definition of Global warming is, â€Å"The observed and projected increase in the average temperature of Earth’s atmosphere and oceans†. Human actions, primarily the release of green house gases from smokestacks, vehicles, and burning forests, are perhaps the chief power causing this situation. CO2  (Carbon dioxide) emissions belong to the mostRead MoreEssay on Global Warming2299 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"wolf cry†-- a cry that is so ridiculous that nobody would believe it. Now that global warming is a major environmental issue, the saying doesn’t sound so out of place. Most people might say: what is global warming? That’s the question that was running through my mind when I first heard we were watching a documentary on it in my class. The film is Al Gore’s An Inconvenient Truth and it is about the causes of global warming and what it is doing to our planet. Being an environmentally involved citizenRead MorePreventing Global Warm ing Essay1219 Words   |  5 PagesGlobal Warming Global warming is a grave issue that is affecting not only the United States, but the whole world as well. Various international strategies need to be implemented so that these issues can be tackled. If taken seriously, the issue of global warming can not only be overcome, it can be prevented as well. Global warming is an event that will affect many people and animals all over the world. Humans will be affected the most due to global warming because of things like temperatureRead MorePersuasive Essay : Global Warming1201 Words   |  5 PagesThe Topic I am interested in pursuing for the persuasive essay is about The Global Warming. I am interesting in this Topic because I learned from my past experience working for The State Parks in Florida as a Park Ranger; by helping everyone to understand that we need to take care our environment by contribute to help â€Å"Mother Earth†; in addition, Global Warming is a slow increment in the general temperature of the world’s air for the most part credited to the â€Å"Greenhouse† impact brought about byRead MoreGlobal Warming is a Hoax Essay506 Words   |  3 PagesThe essay opens up with McKibben talking about how the political campaign against global warming is flawed because at our current point there is nothing muc h that can be done to fix it.(Mckibben,1) He then goes to state that humans are the biggest culprit behind global warming and supports this by giving examples such as SUVs and American ignorance.(2,9) He concludes by saying that if ten percent of America were to go green, it still would not save the planet, but ten percent could get the government’sRead MoreEssay on The Problem of Global Warming1741 Words   |  7 PagesThe Problem of Global Warming Imagine you are placed into the future. The year is 2100. You begin to live in this new world. You hear about huge storms over much of the USA that cause severe damage and flooding. San Francisco, New York City, New Orleans, Seattle, and Miami all experience major flooding from the ocean level having risen so high. Thousands and thousands of people perish each summer across the USA alone—hundreds die in Chicago as the temperature soars to 100 for 2 weeks straightRead MoreGlobal Warming Essay1026 Words   |  5 Pagescauses of global warming.† (Al Gore). So, what exactly is global warming? Has it happened before? If so, what were the effects? Specifically, how will it affect the human population? Are humans causing it? These are but a few of the questions we need to answer when we study global warming. Global warming is the escalation in the average temperature of Earths near-surface air and oceans that has been occurring since the middle of the twentieth century and its anticipated perpetuation. Global warming

William Shakespeare s The Tempest - 1712 Words

Tea Ilic Mrs. Gailey English 200 The Tempest Final Paper Caliban the Mystery, Even to This Day. Many times, Shakespeare refers to Caliban from The Tempest as â€Å"a natural man†. What did that mean to him, to be a natural man? There are many reasons why Shakespeare would have called him that, including the fact that he just looked completely different than the rest of the characters in The Tempest. He was black and dirty, he looked like a savage. Far more different then the other characters. By the end of the play, Caliban’s character seems a lot less important. Even though his role as a character starts to fade, he had a purpose in the play. He raised many questions in the play, Caliban made us see what we were blatantly ignoring. As stated†¦show more content†¦Caliban was portrayed as such a repulsive man that he’s overlooked for the true meaning of himself. Many readers would just assume he is a savage and nothing more. Shakespeare does an excellent job of making us understand the characters and relate to them, he shows us Caliban from a negative perspective, that’s actually most times misinterpreted. Caliban’s character also reveals the social hierarchy of The Tempest and the ongoing situations in Shakespeare’s era. This set up was derived from long traditions that have been carried from Shakespeare’s time. Caliban was seen as a ‘natural man’ which could have meant the bottom of the bottom, lowest of the low. Any of these. He was the mystery of the play. Many people weren’t sure if Caliban was either a monster or a victim of colonialism. Even though he had much fewer lines then Prospero, Caliban was the focus of many readers interest, often with an importance far better than his actual presence in the play. Caliban was often referred as the â€Å"monster†, many great critics say that Caliban’s name is an anagram or at least a play on the word, â€Å"Cannibal†. A term derived from â€Å"carib† which became a European term used to describe flesh-eaters. If this was the case, then Caliban’s name can be associated with the kinds of â€Å"savage† man-eaters that Europeans were reading about in travel literature when Shakespeare wrote this play. It is also possible that Caliban’s name may be a play on the

Essay about The Conch in William Goldings Lord of the Flies

The Conch in William Goldings Lord of the Flies In William Goldings novel â€Å"Lord of the Flies† he uses a lot of symbolism. The entire book is microcosm to the real world, as the novel is set at the time when World War II was going on and on the island there is a hunt at the end of the book symbolic of the war. A symbol Golding uses throughout the book is the conch. It represents authority and order. The person holding the conch had the power, and it created order and rules since when it was called, everyone had to listen and order is displayed by the meetings or gatherings that it’s used to call and hold. In this essay I will be explaining how William Golding used the conch in the â€Å"Lord†¦show more content†¦You could use shells to buy food, clothes and other general items. On the island the shell is worthless as they cannot buy anything with it or sell it for food as they are only people on the island. This is why I believe that Golding used a conch as historically, it is precious, expensive and unique. Towards the end of the novel, Jack realises that it is worthless and rebels against the shell and at it represents, civilization, order and democracy. He believes that it is â€Å"just a shell.† The Conchs power is presented in the very beginning as the children vote for Ralph to be chief just because he was the one with the Conch. Him with the shell. Ralph! Ralph! Let him be chief with the trumpet thing this excerpt from Page 22 shows how everybody seems to think that power, responsibility and leadership skills comes from the Conch. Another Example of the Conchs Power is the fact that through out the novel the conch is the only tool that can call a meeting and wherever the Conch is that’s where the meeting is. No other symbol in â€Å"Lord of the Flies† holds so much power. This is one of the reasons that Jack Merridew disrespects the Conch. He wants to break the spell the symbol has on everybody.Show MoreRelatedLord Of The Flies : Representation Of Violence And War1611 Words   |  7 PagesLord Of The Flies: Representation Of Violence and War Dietrich Bonhoeffer, a German theologian, states that â€Å" The ultimate test of a moral society is the kind of world that it leaves to its children.† In William Golding’s Lord Of The Flies, societal topics run rampant throughout the text with Golding’s use of individuals to represent different aspects of society. Many writers view the Lord Of The Flies as an allegory, as societal topics such as politics make appearances throughout the text. InRead MoreLord of The Flies Essay1673 Words   |  7 PagesLord of the Flies was published in 1954 by William Golding. Today Lord of the Flies is a well known literary criticism. Many schools require their students to read Lord of the Flies because of the literary criticisms in the book. In this paper three themes or literary criticisms are talked about: good vs. evil, symbolism of characters, and maturity of characters. Another topic in Goldings Lord of the Flies is the battle of good vs. evil. Everything seems to start out just fine on the island; theRead More The Use of Symbolism in Goldings Lord of the Flies Essay983 Words   |  4 PagesThe Use of Symbolism in Goldings Lord of the Flies    His head opened and stuff came out and turned red. Piggys arms and legs twitched a bit like a pig after it has been killed (217). This is what can happen to someone when all signs of civilization, order and power disappear and have no more meaning to members of a group or society. In the writing of William Goldings Lord of the Flies (1954), the symbol of power and civilization is the conch. Once that is lost, all bets are off. When theRead MoreMichelle Duan Mrs. MJ English 10 H, per. 3 13 February 2014 A Symbol’s Worth a Thousand1500 Words   |  6 Pagesbeneath. Such is the nature of the symbols found in William Golding’s Lord of the Flies. As a group of boys stranded on an island struggle to survive without adult supervision to maintain order, Golding uses a variety of objects to convey their descent from civilization into brutality, violence, and savagery. Of these objects, three hold particular significance. In Lord of the Flies, Golding uses the conch, the signal fire, and the Lord of the Flies to symbolize civilization, hope for rescue, and innerRead MoreLord Of The Flies Character Analysis Essay814 Words   |  4 PagesHowever, society attempts to lock those instincts away by casting a burden called rules upon them. In the allegorical text, Lord of the Flies, William Golding depicts a group of boys, stranded on a tropical island, free of civilization. Here he paints an image of what humans really are without the burdens of society. In Golding’s psycho logical allegory The Lord of the Flies, Jack embodies the ID, someone who acts based on his/her own basic wants and needs, for the sake of establishing his theme:Read MoreWilliam Goldings View of Humanity1383 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Goldings View of Humanity Taking a post at the Maidstone Grammar School for boys and joining the Royal Navy, gave Golding his understanding of boys and cynical view of the war. William Golding says, the theme (of the book) is an attempt to trace back the defects of society to the defects of human nature... Goldings view of humanity is clearly displayed throughout Lord of the Flies. Through the constant symbolism we are made aware of Goldings pessimism towardsRead MoreImportant Symbols in Lord of the Flies by William Golding676 Words   |  3 PagesIn William Golding’s novel Lord of the Flies, he uses unique elements to symbolize many concepts throughout the story. The two most important but differing symbols used throughout the novel are the Conch and Sow’s head symbolically used by the author to demonstrate the transition of good to evil as the darkness of savagery slowly begins to powerfully overtake the boys’ mental concept of their civilian nature that they were born into. Both symbolically represent a certain importance and power to theRead MoreWilliam Golding s Lord Of The Flies1745 Words   |  7 Pages1954 novel, Lord of the Flies by Nobel Prize-winner William Golding is a dystopian allegory indicative of vast aspects of the human condition. Set in the midst of a nuclear war, the text details a group of marooned British school boys as they regress to a primitive state. Free from the rules and structures of civilisation and society, the boys split into factions - some attempting to maintain order and achieve common goals; others seeking anarchy and violence. The novel is based on Golding’s experienceRead MoreDefects Of Human Nature In William Goldings Lord Of The Flies1551 Words   |  7 Pagesbelief is contradicted by the action of the boys, in William Golding’s, â€Å"Lord of the Flies†. A group of schoolboys are abruptly thrown out of their controlled and civil circumstances into an inhabited tropical island in the middle of the Pacific. The novel is Golding’s attempt to trace the defects of society back to the defects of human nature, by using symbolism to delineate this theme. Golding’s extensive use of symbolism, such as the conch, the signal fire and the painted faces helps demonstrateRead MoreLord Of The Flies Human Nature Analysis1537 Words   |  7 Pagesbelief is contradicted by the action of the boys, in Will iam Golding’s, â€Å"Lord of the Flies†. A group of schoolboys are abruptly thrown out of their controlled and civil circumstances into an inhabited tropical island in the middle of the Pacific. The novel is Golding’s attempt to trace the defects of society back to the defects of human nature, by using symbolism to delineate this theme. Golding’s extensive use of symbolism, such as the conch, the signal fire and the painted faces helps demonstrate

Colonial and Post-Colonial America free essay sample

The only thing new in the world is the history you do not know. (Truman) America derives from relationships, events, and ideas that shaped all that it is today. The topics that most shaped America include the environment, government, and employment. The environment is a crucial key to any society, especially America. When the first colonies were formed, each had a very distant environment because of their separation. Each environment influenced their economies and social structures. According to Olsens lecture on Life in Colonial Times, the southern colonies had arm weather and enough rain for a very long crop season. In turn, they had many slaves (so many that the whites were outnumbered) and a completely different society than the north. The northern colonies had long winters and the soil was filled with rocks, which made for a hard time growing crops. The middle colonies were a little better off, but the warm weather and mediocre soil only gave way for small farms (bread basket colonies). We will write a custom essay sample on Colonial and Post-Colonial America or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page So what does this all mean for America today? The farms didnt work out in Northern and middle colonies, which is why they have shifted to specified areas for each crop. Oranges are grown in Florida, while potatoes are grown in Idaho. The colonists helped post colonial Americans fgure out where crops can and cant be grown, and made way for the creation of industrial cities, where crops wouldnt be able to thrive. Government was a topic of controversy in pre colonial America, and it still is today. However, America wouldnt be America without the ideas that the founding fathers set out. As presented in Wickers lecture on The Constitution, The Constitution set forth the idea of the three branches of government. This makes for a more fair ystem of government, and a far cry from a king born into the right family ruling the peoples every move. There would be no democracy, votes, freedom to be a part of the political party of choice, or any of the rights guaranteed by the bill without the ideas derived from Americas beginnings. The idea that the rich get richer and the poor get poorer isnt anything new. Colonial Americas relationship with Africas which lead to the event of slavery still lives on today with employment. As read in, America at 1750 Chapter 4 Black Slavery, whites believed that they were better than the slaves. They believed that the slaves were their property, and didnt treat them as human beings. Although the racism may not be as obvious or prevalent as colonial America, it still exists today. In the feature film, American Winter, families going through unemployment and hardships are documented. In this film, T. J, who is Mexican American, cant find steady qualifications, working a few days, and getting fired for his race. Some employers even made nasty comments to his face. This kind of discrimination of employment might not be to the caliber of slavery in Colonial America, but the ideas and elationships of Africans then, shaped the racist views of Americans today. The rich white men and still getting richer, and the poor minority groups (or in colonial times outsiders) are still getting poorer. Everything that happened in Colonial America shaped Post Colonial America. Ideas, relationships, and events from back then, are what America today derived from. The most important topics of what shaped America are the environment, the government, and employment, which all both plague and prosper America today. Some of this influence from Colonial America is good and some is bad, but either way it is what makes America.

Running free essay sample

Two years ago when I was 13, I ran in National racing for handicapped people. We drove all the way up to Orlando, Florida from Baton Rouge, because my dad is afraid of airplanes. It took an extremely long time to get to our hotel, but when we got there we discovered that it was filled with people on wheel chairs and crutches. After we got checked in and had spent the night, we woke up to discover a massive array of the best free breakfast food I had ever seen. When we finished eating a massive amount of food, we went over to another building to get signed up. At this moment I was slightly anxious, in my past experiences with racing like this, there was no one I could relate too, would I have some one to talk to? Be friends with? Can I win the races? All of these questions were going through my mind. We will write a custom essay sample on Running or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As I wondered around amongst a bunch of annoying people they finally called my name and I went to get signed in. When I got in the other part of the building they gave me a number on this sheet of paper with the sponsors logo on it, and they went further back in the building to classify me into one of the disability levels they have. I don’t really remember what my class was, but I do remember the ways they tested you. First they did some mental test they consisted of things like putting to blocks on the table (one blue one red) and you have to decide which one was red, which I might add was the stupidest thing I had ever heard. Next they tried to see how far you can throw a base ball and a club. So this really lady stands about 10 feet in front of me, assuming I was mentally â€Å"special† and couldn’t throw a ball, and says â€Å"come on Jacob through the ball as far as you can.† She continued to assume things about me and I was starting to lose my temper with this, and she was blocking my way to throw the ball ( she deduced that none of the handicap people could throw it 10 feet.) So I decided throw it as hard as I could, even though she was in the way, I hit her in the head with a baseball, To me, I think she learned not to make quick assumptions about people. When I finished signing in, I went back to the hotel to get something to eat, and the food was amazing. I went to bed fairly early, because I didn’t really know what to expect or, if any of the competitors would be anything like me, but I wasn’t too worried about it, I have a way of not panicking even when I should be. I woke up early the next morning and got ready to go run. I ate a good breakfast of eggs, yogurt, milk, and bacon and started doing some push-ups. After that, I got in the car with my dad, who was really excited that I got to go to nationals he’s the competitor in the family , my mom, who just wanted me to have fun, and my brother, who was playing video games and didn’t care. So together as a family headed we down to the field to sing the National Anthem, get my official racing number, and wait for my events to start. When the races finally started I was in, 7 events, baseball throw, discuss, club, 100m , 20m, 60m, 200m, long jump. First they did the base ball which I won easily because the other people only threw it 6 feet. Then discuss came with the same situation. Finally the running came. It started with the 20m which is so short of a race that it was just a waste of time, although I did win. Then came the 60m, which was also really short but again I won without much trouble. Finally it got to the 100 and 200m and it was actually kind of a race, for those who don’t know, 200m is a really long race for a physical handicap race. I won all of the races and got this cool little wooden plague with gold plates on the side, one for each event I won/ Through all of this I’d say I learned 2 lessons, don’t make assumptions about people. To me this is a valuable lesson because people make assumptions about me all the time, such as when people call me â€Å"special† when I go to the movie theater. All of my experiences, especially this one have led me to the belief of not to make assumptions about people even if it seems obvious.

The Top 10 Jobs To Have Today

The Top 10 Jobs To Have Today Rachel Gillett over at Business Insider has rounded up the 25 best jobs to have now. Topping the list? Physician’s Assistant, so congrats to my cousin Alex, who apparently has it made in the shade. We’re rounding up just the top 10. 1. Physicians Assistant:There’s a high demand for this well-paying entry-level job in the medical field; average salary is $111,376, and there are 45,484 current job openings.2. Software Engineer:Yes, we should all have learned coding instead of taking those semesters of Italian in college. Engineers design and develop the systems that run on computers, and are paid on average $98,074 for it. There are more than 104,000 available openings in this field!3. Business Development Manager:This position is responsible for helping companies grow by identifying potential partnerships and prospects, then cultivating those relationships to everyone’s benefit. Average salary is $84,907, and there are currently 11,616 job openings.4. Human Resources Manager:This has sort of a who-watches-the-watchmen feeling about it, because who hires the human resources manager? But if you like managing staff activities and coordinating new hires, check out one of the 8,073 job openings available for this job, which earns on average $96,443.5. Finance Manager:In this job, you’d help companies manage their money and attend to their business needs; average salary is $122,865, and there are 9,728 job openings. If you like numbers and rock at organizing spreadsheets, this might be the gig for you.6. Marketing Manager:Are you noticing a trend? Management should be your end goal in a lot of these industries. A marketing manager coordinates- surprise!- the marketing of an organization’s products and services. There are 14,647 job openings in this field, with an average salary of $100,130.7. Database Administrator:Enjoy staying on top of inventories and customer transaction records? Consider this position, where you might ear n on average $97,835 and have 9,790 chances to find the right place to work.8. Product Manager:Are you the consummate team player? Project managers supervise design and production teams to produce and market products. There are 10,294 job openings, with an average salary of $113,363.9. Data Scientist:One of the downsides of all the data mining we do these days  is that it’s all just a pile of numbers without someone to interpret the findings and identify trends. There are 3,449 job openings with an average salary of $104,476.10. Sales Manager:Last on our round up for today (and sorry, for this introvert, kind of least) is the sales manager oeuvre- there’s an average salary of $121,657 and are 3,982 openings to choose from. So if you can find a place with a company you like and don’t mind cold-calling on the regular, this could be a great field to pursue.

Higher pay is the only way to reduce corruption. Discuss Essay

Higher pay is the only way to reduce corruption. Discuss - Essay Example On the other hand, Philip (2006, p. 45) describes corruption as having to involve high public office, substantial and systematic expropriation of benefits, and significant damage to the public interest. Corruption as having to involve high public office is considered as the most important of these three conditions and the other two are complementary to it. Lee (2006, p. 221) states that corruption is a destructive crime which not only undermines quality of life but also causes injustice and inflates business costs. The seriousness of this crime leads nations to improve governance by redefining the role of government, overhauling the system of incentives, and strengthening domestic institutions in order to ensure checks and balances (Rahman, et al., 2000, p. 17). Corruption is often called â€Å"black/grey market or â€Å"underground economy† whose rules are almost similar to those of legal markets (Stachowicz-Stanusch, 2010). It is considered a risky activity because of the presence of â€Å"policing† in society (Chakrabarti and Subramanian, 2003).The economics of corruption operates in such a way as serving as a means to satisfy certain planned and desired human ends. According to Klitgaard, et al. (2000), corruption is a crime of economic calculation in that the tendency for a public official to engage in it is when there is a slim probability of being caught alongside a mild penalty with large pay-off relative to the positive incentives. Since corruption is committed within the political machinery of the state, it is not only considered an economic issue but a political issue as well (Stachowicz-Stanusch, 2010, p. 122). The economic and political aspects of corruption are certainly the basis for advocating some solutions t o this problem on an economic point of view (i.e., increasing pay and rewards) and political point of view (i.e. providing political and legal basis for

Acounting mangerial project Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Acounting mangerial project - Assignment Example The issue of total quality management usually focuses on the quality of products or services that are been offered by Barber foods. The company deals with ser ices and products. The services that are involved in the delivery of food and the selling of food need to be perfect so as to be appealing to the customers. The customers require satisfactory products and services so as to become loyal to the company products. As a result of that, barber foods has invested a lot on the delivery of food products and the means through which the products are delivered. That is in an attempt to ensure that there is customer satisfaction (Caplan, 14). The advantage of the company applying the technique is the fact that the provision of quality usually helps in the cutting of costs. According to analyst, the best way in which a company can become cost effective is only by the company eliminating any sorts of defects that may occur at any point of manufacturing and that will help cut on costs that are not necessary. The main aim of using total quality management is t ensure that there are controls that are preventive that help in the prevention of defects that occur. The just in time technique is a technique whereby the products of a company are made available when needed. That is a useful strategy for barber foods because it deals with food which is a perishable product. That means that the availability of a stock that is large could lead to a loss to the company. Just in time strategy usually deals with the company availing its products when required by the customer. That means that there will be no instances of company costs resulting from perishable goods or any instances of stock outs because the products will be made available when required. The use of JIT has helped Barber foods to cut costs on work in progress, finished goods, and raw materials. It has led to the reduction of holding costs that is associated with stock and reduction

Tax Compliance And Smes Economics Essay

Tax Compliance And Smes Economics Essay According to Marti (2010) tax compliance is a complex term to define. Simply put, tax compliance refers to fulfilling all tax obligations as specified by the law freely and completely. It has been found that regulatory burdens fall disproportionately on small and medium enterprises internationally (Pope Abdul-Jabbar, 2008). Their size and nature makes the issue of tax compliance one of particular importance especially since most SMEs have access to limited resources and inadequate expertise to comply with diverse and complicated regulation. He also believes that high compliance costs can result in tax avoidance, tax fraud, and inhibit investment by way of diminishing competitiveness of the country in terms of taxation attractiveness. Tax non-compliance may be in one of many forms; it could either be failure to submit a tax return within the stipulated period or non submission, understatement of income, overstatement of deductions, failure to pay assessed taxes by due date. (Kasipillai Abdul Jabbar, 2006) and in some cases non-compliance may mean an outright failure to pay levied taxes. Studies have shown that the problem of tax evasion is a widespread one (Kasipillai Abdul Jabbar, 2006). Furthermore, Fagbemi, Uadile Noah (2010) found that it is prevalent in developing countries and it hinders development thereby leading to economic stagnation and other socio-economic problems. Chipeta (2002) identified tax rates as one of the causes of tax evasion. He pointed out that a higher tax rate increases taxpayers burden and reduces their disposable income therefore, the probability of evading tax is higher. 2.5 Tax Policy and Level of Voluntary Compliance among SMEs Small taxpayers under the regular system of taxation are discriminated against, since the compliance requirements, cost of compliance and tax rate are the same for both small and large enterprises. Reducing the compliance costs and tax rate increases the small enterprises profit margin. It also increases the Governments tax revenue, since the simplified provisions for small and medium enterprises reduce the size of the informal economy and the number of non-complying registered taxpayers (Vasak, 2008). Furthermore, SMEs usually have to operate in an overbearing regulatory environment with the plethora of regulatory agencies, multiple taxes, cumbersome importation procedure and high port charges that constantly exert serious burden on their operations. An overly complex regulatory system and tax regime or one opaque in its administration and enforcement makes tax compliance unduly burdensome and often have a distortionary effect on the development of SMEs as they are tempted to morph into forms that offer a lower tax burden or no tax burden at all (Masato, 2009), and this results in a tax system that imposes high expenses on the society. A poorly executed tax system also leads to low efficiency, high collection charges, waste of time for taxpayers and the staff, and the low amounts of received taxes and the deviation of optimum allocation of resources (Farzbod, 2000). Existing empirical evidence clearly indicates that small and medium sized businesses are affected disproportionately by these costs: when scaled by sales or assets, the compliance costs of SMEs are higher than for large businesses www.ccsenet.org/ijbm International Journal of Business and Management Vol. 7, No. 12; June 2012 Published by Canadian Center of Science and Education 91 (Weichenrieder, 2007). 2.6 Tax Policy that will Encourage Voluntary Compliance by SMEs SMEs constitute untapped revenue potential and an uneven playing field in many countries (International Tax Dialogue, 2007) as such they need to be captured by the tax net. However, though legislations are necessary regulator for protection of the business environment and security of the economic agents, for establishment of the necessary social security regulations, they may also hamper compliance and the growth of business through additional expenditures and administrative obstacles. Thus Shahroodi, (2010) stated that for a tax system to be efficient, the tax policy needs to be designed such that the tax rates are appropriate and rational, the exemptions are lower in amount, the tax collection organization are more efficient, the tax burden of the indigent people should be lighter and the fight against corruption and tax evasion should be much more intense. Tax policies can be designed in such a way that they do not only directly affect SMEs but also indirectly push for voluntary compliance and their growth. Yaobin (2007), emphasized declared that special tax regimes for SMEs may be appropriate policy instruments for minimizing the cost of collection. Because awareness of the dangers of inadequate taxation of SMEs has grown because of the potential of uneven tax enforcement to cause distortions of competition, voluntary compliance by larger enterprises and by wage earners, (International Tax Dialogue, 2007), government intervention should help maintain balance while ensuring that countries exploit the social benefits from greater competition and entrepreneurship. Pro-business (and Pro-SME) Tax regimes and enforcement should be simple, consistent and predictable should to lower compliance and administrative costs, and hence reduce uncertainty faced by taxpayers as well as improve the levels of voluntary compliance (Kasipillai, 2005). 2.7 Theories of Tax Compliance Various opinions exist about the best ways to improve tax compliance. Given the chance, a lot of businesses will not pay taxes unless there is a motivation to do so. Some believe that the best way is to increase incentives (Feld Frey, 2007) others believe the best way is to increase penalties. Tax compliance theories can be broadly classified into two. They are; economics based theories and psychology based theories. 2.7.1 Economic Based Theories They are also known as deterrence theory and they place emphasis on incentives. The theory suggests that taxpayers are amoral utility maximizers- they are influenced by economic motives such as profit maximization and probability of detection. As such they analyze alternative compliance paths for instance whether or not to evade tax, the likelihood of being detected and the resulting repercussions and then select the alternative that maximises their expected after tax returns after adjusting for risk. This process is referred to as playing the audit lottery by Trivedi and Shehata (2005). Therefore according to the theory, in order to improve compliance, audits and penalties for non-compliance should be increased. 2.7.2 Psychology Theories Psychology theories on the other hand posit that taxpayers are influenced to comply with their tax obligations by psychological factors. They focus on the taxpayers morals and ethics. The theories suggest that a taxpayer may comply even when the probability of detection is low. As opposed to the economic theories that emphasize increased audits and penalties as solutions

Ghosts †Seeing is Believing :: Personal Narrative, Autobiographical Essay

Ghosts – Seeing is Believing   Ã‚  Ã‚  I live in a ghost hallway. They come and go whenever they want, like the transparent, blow-away wings of bees. Their spirits hover inside this house on Mechanic Street like a twilight hue filling a wine glass. I live more or less inside their moods, which they carry behind them in traces of light that flood the panes one window at a time and the creaky flutes of rusty hinges. The ghosts don't say â€Å"boo† and they don't swing chains. They're good ghosts as far as I can tell, calm as a cup of tea, considerate and watchful and able to pay attention to the least thing for many hours. I like how they watch me read without telling me what to think; I like how they touch my mind with ghost memories, laughing and smoking on the porch with their neighbors. I like how they stared out these same windows serious and alone in their own thoughts, unable to share with each other the deepest parts of themselves because the inner commotion was too great to put into words. I s ee how after a fight or death in the family they sat by themselves in the living room, wanting things to be good again, wanting to be healed but not being able to do anything but wait.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What they have left behind is shorn of all eventfulness as if what happened here long ago in this quasi-dilapidated shotgun house still lingers on as after-tone slowly turning into something else, the echo of their memories which I navigate now with a cup of coffee and a three-day beard. I'm doing a soft-shoe in my slippers through their long recollections, the fog that hangs in the trees between dreams. They heard the same front door whine and clatter and the soft thudding of footfalls on the sidewalk: they heard the wind in the trees and the wash of rain tearing through them on its way to another season carrying a hundred small deaths in its wake. Their senses are alive in mine, just as mine are remade in the memory of theirs. It's a mysterious transference that I do not understand. I don't necessarily like to feel the pangs of sorrow the woman felt that beetled up and down her spine like a slug of mercury, finding her defenseless in her own house at different times in her life, like a painful sickness that keeps coming back. Ghosts – Seeing is Believing :: Personal Narrative, Autobiographical Essay Ghosts – Seeing is Believing   Ã‚  Ã‚  I live in a ghost hallway. They come and go whenever they want, like the transparent, blow-away wings of bees. Their spirits hover inside this house on Mechanic Street like a twilight hue filling a wine glass. I live more or less inside their moods, which they carry behind them in traces of light that flood the panes one window at a time and the creaky flutes of rusty hinges. The ghosts don't say â€Å"boo† and they don't swing chains. They're good ghosts as far as I can tell, calm as a cup of tea, considerate and watchful and able to pay attention to the least thing for many hours. I like how they watch me read without telling me what to think; I like how they touch my mind with ghost memories, laughing and smoking on the porch with their neighbors. I like how they stared out these same windows serious and alone in their own thoughts, unable to share with each other the deepest parts of themselves because the inner commotion was too great to put into words. I s ee how after a fight or death in the family they sat by themselves in the living room, wanting things to be good again, wanting to be healed but not being able to do anything but wait.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What they have left behind is shorn of all eventfulness as if what happened here long ago in this quasi-dilapidated shotgun house still lingers on as after-tone slowly turning into something else, the echo of their memories which I navigate now with a cup of coffee and a three-day beard. I'm doing a soft-shoe in my slippers through their long recollections, the fog that hangs in the trees between dreams. They heard the same front door whine and clatter and the soft thudding of footfalls on the sidewalk: they heard the wind in the trees and the wash of rain tearing through them on its way to another season carrying a hundred small deaths in its wake. Their senses are alive in mine, just as mine are remade in the memory of theirs. It's a mysterious transference that I do not understand. I don't necessarily like to feel the pangs of sorrow the woman felt that beetled up and down her spine like a slug of mercury, finding her defenseless in her own house at different times in her life, like a painful sickness that keeps coming back.

Descartes ; Hume’s Theory on Knowledge

Knowledge is the things that one has taken into itself and made the decision to believe that it is true. This leads to the question, what makes certain obtained pieces of knowledge true? Descartes would doubt everything until he came to an absolute and undeniable truth. If he had any reason to doubt something, it could not be true knowledge. Descartes then discovered one thing that he could not doubt and that is â€Å"I think, therefore I am. † He says that if he can think, then he knows that he exists. I agree and disagree with Rene Descartes theory of how we have knowledge.Just because you have doubt about something does not necessarily mean there is no knowledge of it. What one may doubt, another person may have knowledge of. So is that person’s knowledge false? I say no. There are many situations like that. One may doubt the existence of God, but I do not doubt it. Since we all have our own beliefs, it does not mean one is wrong. So I do not agree with him saying th ere is no knowledge of things that he has the slightest doubt about. I do agree with his famous line â€Å"I think, therefore I am. † If one has the brain activity to think, then yes they do exist and that is certain.Since I am thinking, then I do have knowledge that I certainly exist. On the other hand, if one is in a coma then I still do believe that they exist. If you are living, breathing and your heart is beating then you without doubt exist even though you are not really thinking. One in a coma does have the ability to think once out of the coma so therefore they still exist. Hume was an empiricist and he believed that all knowledge comes through experience. If you want to know anything about what the world is like, you have to go out and explore; you cannot simply sit, think really hard and hope to come up with knowledge.He believed, along with the fact that knowledge is learned through experience, that a person's experiences are nothing more than the subjects of his o r her own perception. The knowledge of anything comes from the way it is observed through the five senses. Hume began to differentiate between feelings and thoughts. Feelings are only impressions made upon the body, and thoughts arrive from impressions; meaning you cannot have feelings on things you have not experienced. I do agree that one can gain knowledge through experiences, but also through being taught what we learn in school.In order for us to be taught things in school one had to experience the scientific study, math equation or whatever the material consisted of. People did not just come up with these facts on his/her own. They spent a lot of time researching and experiencing them to gain knowledge about whatever they learned. We do gain knowledge from things we experience on our own as well. The saying â€Å"People learn from their mistakes† is the perfect example. A child touches a hot stove and burns their hand, in doing so; they learn not to touch it because the y will remember what happened. In this case, they do learn from an experience.

Southside Community Center Literature Review - 1502 Words

Southside Community Center Literature Review Samantha Tratchel Texas State University Southside Community Center Literature Review According the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), 549,928 people were experiencing homelessness on a single night in January 2016 (Henry, Watt, Rosenthal Shivji, 2016). Families account for 37% of the homeless population (Holtrop, Mneil McWey, 2015). Although the exact number of the homeless population in Hays County is currently unknown, the Hays County Food Bank (2016) reports show 25,120 residents are considered food insecure, including 8,990 children. Approximately 37 percent of the population in San Marcos lives below the federal poverty line, compared with 17.4 percent†¦show more content†¦Homeless individuals experience poorer mental and physical health statuses along with lower life expectancies when compared to those who have stable housing (Jones, Zur, Rosenbaum, 2015). Studies have shown families experiencing homelessness have higher levels of parental distress, elevated rates of child welfare involvement, greater incidence of parent-child separation, less social support, and an increased risk for emotional, behavioral, and developmental problems in children (Holtrop, McNeil McWey, 2015). Theory Human Capital Theory As explained by Nafukho, Hairston and Brooks (2004), human capital theory considers the training and education of individuals as an investment, and the benefits involve increased individual earnings, improved organizational productivity, and benefits to society as a whole. Benefits to society include both economic growth, and non-monetary societal benefits such as better health, less crime, and an increase in civic participation (Nafukho, Hairston, Brooks, 2004). Homelessness can be contributed and not limited to generational poverty and homelessness, lack of education, abuse, a crisis, poor family support, mental illness, and/or substance abuse (Holtrop, McNeil, Mcwey, 2015). Many of these issues go hand-in-hand with homeless individuals and theShow MoreRelatedQuality Management At Florence Nightingale2770 Words   |  12 Pagesefficient, and effective health care. Many strategies have been used to evaluate quality in order to achieve optimal care for the customers using these he alth care organizations. Literature Review Quality must be continually maintained and evaluated for effectiveness in order to meet the expectations of the individuals, communities, and populations the health organizations serve. Quality management began when Florence Nightingale identified professional goals and techniques to provide safe and caring environmentsRead More A Raisin in the Sun, by Lorraine Hansberry Essay1839 Words   |  8 Pagesfor which the characters receive no label of race, many commonalities can be found between the characters’ personalities and their beliefs. Such similarities prove that A Raisin in the Sun is not merely a play intended to appeal only to the black community, nor should it be construed as a story about the plights of the black race alone, but instead should be recognized as a play about the struggles that all families, regardless of race, must endure in regard to their diversity and financial disparityRead MoreThe Government and Not-For-Profit Environment100975 Words   |  404 PagesTechnical Bulletins, AICPA Industry Audit Guides, FASB Implementation Guides, other accounting literature—including GASB Standards. b) FASB Statements and Interpretations, FASB Technical Bulletins, FASB Implementation Guides, AICPA Practice Bulletins (if cleared by FASB). c) GASB Statements and Interpretations, AICPA Industry Audit Guides, GASB Implementation Guides, other accounting literature—including FASB Standards. d) GASB Statements and Interpretations, GASB Technical Bulletins

Theme Of Racial Intolerance In To Kill A Mockingbird

There are many themes shown throughout the book To Kill a Mockingbird. The author, Harper Lee made the novel take place in the 1930s and in a fictional town called Maycomb County in Alabama. The narrator was a young girl in the novel names Scout Finch. Throughout the book Scout, her older brother Jem, and her best friend Dill discover new things and become more mature. Then towards the end of the book Atticus, the father of Jem and Scout, agrees to defend a black man named Tom Robinson, who is accused of raping a white girl. In the book To Kill a Mockingbird, by Harper Lee, racial intolerance and courage are two of the many themes demonstrated throughout the novel. Racial Intolerance is a theme encountered all throughout To Kill a†¦show more content†¦It shows that whites are treated differently than blacks. If Boo Radley was black, he would’ve probably went to jail and not the courthouse basement. As a result, throughout the book whites and blacks are treated differently and the blacks are kinda afraid of the whites. Another theme that is shown in To Kill a Mockingbird is courage. In the book, a blacked man named Tom Robinson is accused of raping a white girl. The father of the white girl, Bob Ewell is the one that said he saw Tom Robinson rape his daughter. Atticus, the father of Jem and Scout, shows a lot of courage by defending Tom Robinson in court. In the book Atticus says, â€Å"In our courts, when its a white mans word against a black mans, the white man always wins† (Lee 295). This shows that he basically knows that its impossible for Tom to win in court, but he defends him anyways because he thinks it’s the right thing to do. Atticus tried his best to help Tom win, but in the end it didn’t happen. Tom should’ve won but just like Atticus said there’s no way a black man is going to win against an all white jury. If somebody else would’ve defended Tom, he probably would’ve lost in court right away, but Atticus tried really hard to win it for him. Therefore that is how Atticus showed courage in the book, he went along by himself to go against all the whites and defend the black man, Tom Robinson, because he thought it was the right thing to do. Boo Radley also shows courage throughout the novel.Show MoreRelatedTo Kill A Mockingbird Analysis1378 Words   |  6 PagesThe Influence of Setting on Themes and Events in To Kill A Mockingbird Vs. A Time to Kill A setting is used in literature to highlight the major themes and also shape the events of the narration. Though set in different time periods, the settings of To Kill a Mockingbird by Lee Harper and A Time to Kill by Joel Schumacher serves to reinforce various themes that highlight various aspects of American history. Racial segregation and issues associated with it such as the lifestyle of the Southern stateRead MorePrejudice And Intolerance : Societal Values And Traditional Values2159 Words   |  9 PagesRacial Prejudice/Intolerance Created By Societal Values And Traditional Values In â€Å"Desiree’s Baby† and To Kill A Mockingbird â€Å"Racism isn t born †¦ it s taught †¦Ã¢â‚¬ , said by Denis Leary is true. Racism is not a physical obstacle one can conquer, but a mental challenge which is created through one’s experiences in life. The novel To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee tells the story of a white man, Atticus Finch defending a black man, Tom Robinson against the rape of a white girl. Throughout the novelRead MoreRacism and Discrimination in to Kill a Mockingbird Essay870 Words   |  4 PagesRacism and Discrimination as the theme in To Kill A Mockingbird To Kill a Mockingbird written by Harper Lee is a Pulitzer Prize winning novel, that offers a view of life through a young girl’s eyes. The novel is focused on two main themes which are racism and discrimination. Racism is probably the biggest theme of the novel. It comes in as an open and subtle manner that is being displayed through speeches and actions. Racism in Maycomb takes mainly the form of having white people against blackRead MoreTo Kill A Mockingbird Southern Injustice Analysis853 Words   |  4 Pagescommunity. Sadly, in To Kill a Mockingbird, the people of Maycomb allow the town to fall into traps of racial and personal injustice, treating others without common respect and courtesy. This in turn results in a community characterized by unfair thinking and assumptions. The theme of injustice surfaces throughout To Kill A Mockingbird, as shown by the false accusation of Tom Robinson, the attacking of Jem and Scout, and the way the town treats and talks about Boo Radley. With racial bias at a high pointRead MoreEssay about Prejudice Runs Deep in To Kill A Mockingbird1650 Words   |  7 PagesPrejudice Runs Deep in To Kill A Mockingbird    To Kill A Mockingbird takes place in small town Maycomb, Alabama, a depression era town where people move slowly and twenty-four hours seems longer.   The narrator of the story is a six-year-old girl named Jean Louise Finch, a tomboy who hates wearing dresses and goes by the nickname Scout.   Scouts being a tomboy is of no little significance because while we are treated to a sweet and affectionate portrayal of Maycomb at the novels opening,Read MoreKill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee1547 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† is a classic piece of American literature written by Harper Lee. She illustrates a theme of the intolerance of prejudice and the quick judgments of others. The book takes the reader back to the 1930’s in a small town known as Maycomb. Harper Lee chose to give the reader an innocent, pure view of the different situations in the book through the eyes of a young girl named Jean Louise Finch who is also known as Scout. To Kill a Mockingbi rd is a pleasurable read for people ofRead MoreEssay on Harper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird1054 Words   |  5 PagesHarper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird Courage is the quality of mind that enables one to face danger with confidence, resolution, and gain a firm control of oneself. Many of the characters in To Kill a Mockingbird showed courage in their own way. Courage can come in many different forms: physical, mental, emotional and moral. Courage is not the only main theme displayed in To Kill a Mockingbird; prejudice and education are also very important themes exhibited throughout the progression of theRead Moreâ€Å"Shoot All The Blue Jays If You Want, If You Can Hit’Em,1224 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Shoot all the blue jays if you want, if you can hit’em, but remember it’s a sin to kill a mockingbird,† ( Lee pg 90) In Harper Lee’s famous novel, To Kill A Mockingbird, the author emphasizes the major issue of justice representing the symbol of a mockingbird. Taking place in the 1930s in the Deep South, a time when racial inequality and great intolerance were highly prevalent. The novel come s out as an injustice to the most gracious and thoughtful but unjustly accused citizens from the townRead MoreTo Kill a Mockingbird Identity1239 Words   |  5 Pageslives shape our identity? I will explore how this quotation is reflected in the novel â€Å"To Kill a Mockingbird† by Harper Lee, the film ‘Witness’, by Peter Weir, and the film ‘The Lion King’ by Roger Allers. The meaning of identity is not easily defined. Identity generally refers to the stable defining characteristics of a person that makes them an individual. I will explore a number of parallel themes evident in all three texts; the influence of courage, violence, discrimination, religion andRead MoreRacial Prejudice2231 Words   |  9 Pagesthere is still resistance to accept those who appear different amongst us. Racial Prejudice is an insidious moral and social disease affecting populations all over the world. It can be diagnosed by its various symptoms and manifestations which include fear, intolerance, separation, segregation, discrimination and hatred. While all of these symptoms of racial prejudice may be evident, the single underlying cause of Racial Prejudice is ignorance. While all humans belong to the same species, races are

Direct Compensation vs. Benefits - 3008 Words

1. Introduction System of rewards is one of the key aspects in managing human resources within any organization. It has profound impact on attracting, retaining and motivation of employees and as a result on the overall performance of an organization. There is no doubt that employee compensation, which according to Dessler refers to all forms of pay or rewards going to employees, is the crucial factor in employee motivation. There are different two types of compensation: direct and indirect compensation. Direct compensation refers to monetary benefits offered and provided to employees in return for doing their job. The most common forms of direct compensation are wages, salaries, incentives, commissions and bonuses. Indirect compensation†¦show more content†¦The most notably advocate was Henry Ford who used these methods to design the first ever production line, making Ford cars. [http://www.hsfg.gloucs.sch.uk/Intranets/Business%20Studies/Motivation%20Theory.pdf] Although Taylors methods produced higher productivity, they also led to workers’ unrest and dissatisfaction, as they were only given boring, repetitive tasks and felt been turned into human machines. The main criticism of Taylor’s theory is related to the belief that workers are rational in their economic choices and are satisfied by only money itself. Later Taylor’s Theory of Scientific Management was opposed by content theories of motivation. Content theories focus on internal factors that direct behaviour of an individual. Such theories regard motivation as â€Å" the product of internal drivers that compel an individual to act or move towards the satisfaction of individual needs†. [Human Resource management A contemporary approach] The major content theory of motivation is Maslow’s hierarchy of needs. 2.2 Hierarchy of Needs Theory The hierarchy of needs theory was developed by american psychologist Abraham Maslow in 1940s. This theory focuses on the psychological needs of employees. The basis of Maslow’sShow MoreRelatedBenefits And Benefits Of Employee Compensation1395 Words   |  6 PagesEmployee compensation is all forms of pay and rewards which are received by employees for completing their job duties as outlined by their employer. Compensation is classified two ways, direct and indirect compensation. Direct compensation covers wages and salaries, bonuses, commissions and incentives. With indirect compensation, benefits are supplied by employers, and nonfinancial compensation includes recognition, rewarding jobs, and flexible work hours in order to accommodate each person’s ownRead MoreBackground of Human Resource Management1652 Words   |  7 Pagesworking there, who individually and collectively contribute to the achievements of the objectives of the business. ⠝â€" HRM is the organizational function that deals with issues related to people such as compensation,  performance management, organization development, safety, wellness, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration, and training. ⠝â€" HRM is also a strategic and comprehensive approach to managing people and the workplace  culture  and environment.   Read MoreThe Case Of Mandatory Vaccination922 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"other regarding.† This translates as no one can or should want to harm their neighbor; therefore, society can willingly accept vaccination to protect others (Colgrove 2006, 4). Opponents argue that â€Å"harm principle† is not applicable because the only direct consequence is the side effects and harm a person receives from the vaccination (Colgrove 2006, 4), not the indirect effects such as a susceptible person obtaining the disease from lack of herd immunity. In response, I would argue, it is impossibleRead MoreEmployee Performance Management At International Operations1621 Words   |  7 Pagescompetitive and international environment is nowadays more important than ever to maximize employee performance. In this report we are going to see how we can improve the employee’s contribution to company goals with special emphasis on the possible benefits and drawbacks of having a uniform syste m of performance management across international operations. Performance management Create value in a way that is difficult to imitate is the only way to create sustained competitive advantage according toRead MoreCopyright Laws Should Be Abolished Essay1302 Words   |  6 Pagesthey are economically unsound. If a person obtains information, his or her decision-making capability is likely to improve, thus benefiting both the person and other people. Using information does not hurt its original discoverers since the only direct impact is on the user and the decisions made. Thus, obtaining and using information is generally beneficial regardless of whether it violates copyright laws. By infringing on peoples rights to obtain, use, and give information, copyright lawsRead MoreBusiness Research Methodology - How to Write Research Purpose, Objectives and Summary1536 Words   |  7 PagesSo from HR planning, recruitment and selection to training, performance appraisal, compensation, all practices of HRM are now considered as equally important as any other aspects of the organization such as marketing, financing, etc. 2. HRM is the organizational function that deals with issues related to people such as compensation, hiring, performance management, organization development, safety, wellness, benefits, employee motivation, communication, administration, and training (Heathfield, 2006)Read MoreHuman Resource Management: Performance Management Objectives Based on Reward1247 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelopment. 5. Document performance for personnel records. 6. Clarify what the organization expects Reward management system One of important attributes of work organization is the ability to give reward to their members. Pay, promotions, fringe benefits, and status symbols are perhaps the most important rewards. Because these rewards are important, the ways they are distributed have a profound effect on the quality of work life as well as on the effectiveness of organization. Therefore reward managementRead MoreMcdonalds 10-K Sec Report2194 Words   |  9 PagesMcDonald’s 10-K SEC Report Intermediate Accounting III TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 2 Deferred Taxes 2-4 Permanent and Temporary Differences 4 Tax Provisions 5-6 Defined Benefit and Contribution Plans 6-7 Earnings Per Share 7-8 Share Based Compensation 8 Direct vs Indirect 8-9 Investing and Financing Activities 9 Noncash Transactions 9 Conclusion 9 Works Cited 10 Introduction In this report I will be reviewing McDonald’s 10-K SEC Filing for the year ending in December 31Read MoreHistorical Development Of Personnel And Human Resource Management1107 Words   |  5 Pagesemployee relations, compensation and benefits, safety, training and development and finally compliance (Mayhew, 2014). An efficiently run human resource management department can present your company with structure and the ability to meet business aims. HOW HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DIFFERS TO PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT There is much confusion over human resource management and the difference it has to personnel management. â€Å"The major difference between personnel management vs. human resource managementRead More The FLSA: Exempt Vs. Non-exempt Employees Essay903 Words   |  4 PagesThe FLSA: Exempt Vs. Non-exempt Employees President Franklin D. Roosevelt enacted the FLSA on June 25, 1938. It was signed in as a federal labor law to provide criteria for governing general labor practices such as overtime, minimum wages, child labor protections and equal pay. The Fair Labor Standards Act is a long and extensive document in and of itself. It defines many exceptions and exemptions. For purposes of this paper the portion of the FLSA that will be concentrated on is the difference

Minister of Pensions and Insurance System †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Minister of Pensions and Insurance System. Answer: Introduction: In the case of Pipe Industries Ltd v Occidental Life Nominees Pty Ltd[1] it had been stated by the court that when an act is done in the course of employment by an employee, the act is binding upon the employer even if the act had not been authorized by him. Thus through the provisions of this case it is clear that if it is provided that a person A is an employee of a person B, than any act which is done by A during the course of employment would bind B in a way as if the act has been done by B. The injured party has the right to claim compensation from B where the negligence has been committed by A[2]. At common law whether a person is an employee or not is determined by putting in place particular legal tests which have been provided through and used by various cases. The cases and the test which have been provided by them in relation to the determination of employment status of a person are as follows. Control test- The control test had originated from a landmark case in employment law which is -- Yewens v Noakes[3]. In this case the control test had been initiated by the court. It had been stated by the court in this case that the extent of control which a person has in relation to the work of other is used to determine whether the person in a contractor or an employee. The more the degree of control the employer has the likelier it is that the person employer for doing the work is an employee. Conversely if the person has less degree of control over the work done by the other the other person is likely to be a contractor. However in the case of Cassidy v Ministry of Health[4] the court ruled that merely establishing control does not make a person an employee of the other. Thus the case provided another test which is called the business integration test. The court in this case stated that the more the work is integrated into the business the more likely the person would be an employee. In the case of Ready Mixed Concrete (South East) Ltd v Minister of Pensions and National Insurance[5] the court ruled that a single test cannot be used to determine whether a person is an employee or a contractor. Various elements needs to be analyzed together to determine the employment status of the person. This test is known as the Multiple factor test. According to the principles of the test in order to ensure that a person in an employee or an independent contractor a three step analysis needs to be applied. In the first step it has to be analyzed that whether the person had the duty of providing personal services to the employer. In the second step the degree of control which the employer has on the person is analyzed. In the final stage it has to be established that all terms of the contract are in accordance to the contract for service and not for contract of services[6]. In the case of Digby v The Compass Institute Inc and Anor[7] it had been ruled by the court that the employer is liable the injury caused to the employees during the course of employment where the employer has failed to exercise reasonable care to protect the employees from such injuries[8]. Further it has been stated in the court of Scott v Jackson Garden Landscape Supplies Pty Ltd[9] that the employer cannot be held liable for the injury which has been caused to the employee where proper measures had been taken by the employer to avoid such injury such as a cleaning system being present in this case. As defined by Holland, Burnett and Millington (2015) vicarious liability which is also associated to the Latin phrase respondeat superior, is the rule through which a person or entity is held responsible for the acts which have been done by any other person[10]. The rule is most commonly applied in the relationship between an employee and employer. The provisions have also been discussed in the case of Prince Alfred College Incorporated v ADC[11]. In the case of In Pioneer Mortgage Services Pty Ltd v Columbus Capital Pty Ltd[12] the judge stated that the employer is liable to be held responsible in relation to the conduct of the employee during his or her job. However for the act to be considered in the course of employment the act must have been directed or authorized by the employer or the employer must have to be associated with the conduct. However it is not within the scope of liability of the employer to be held responsible for actions which have not been done in the course of employment[13]. The elements of vicarious liability have to be present in order to make an employer liable for the conduct of the employee. The main element which needs to be established in order to prove vicarious liability is that the agreement which was present between the employee and the employer has a condition which requires the employee to work under the control of the employer. The action must however be within the scope of employment of the employee[14] In the given situation it has been stated that Tom has injured Annie and Fred has been injured due to the assumed negligence of Tom at the workplace owned by Will. In order to determine that whether Annie can claim compensation from Will, the provisions of Vicarious Liability along with the tests to determine employment has to be applied. If it is provided that Tom was an employee of Will and the act has been done in course of employment Annie would be entitled to claim compensation from Tom. It is been discussed through the above discussed cases that whether a person is an employee or an independent contractor is determined by deploying the control test, the integration test or the multiple factor test. It has only been discussed above that the above that the control or integration test are not alone capable of effectively determining employment. Thus the multi factor test has to be applied in the situation to analyze the relationship of Tom and Will. It has been provided through the scenario that Tom is a house painter and uses his own work van and equipments to do his job. He also has a registered business. Tom has been invited by Will to paint his shop. However for this he does not pay him cash but only beer bottles to which Tom agrees. Will has control over the way in which Tom will paint his shop as he directs him how to paint or what paints to use for the Job. The case of Ready Mixed Concrete (South East) Ltd v Minister of Pensions and National Insurance provides a three step test in relation to determining employment status. In the first step it has to be analyzed that whether the person had the duty of providing personal services to the employer. In the second step the degree of control which the employer has on the person is analyzed. In the final stage it has to be established that all terms of the contract are in accordance to the contract for service and not for contract of services. Through the application of the first stage of the three fold test it can be stated that Tom has agreed to provide personal services to will in relation to painting his shop. Therefore the first stage of the three fold test is satisfied that Tom is an employee of Will. Through the application of the second stage of the three fold test the degree of control which the employer has on the person is analyzed. In the given situation it has been provided that Will controls the way in which Tom does his work and also directs him on what paints to use. Therefore it can be stated that Will has sufficient control over the way in which Tom works and the second stage of the three fold test is also satisfied in favor of the conclusion that Tom is an employee of Will. According to the third stage in the three fold test it needs to be proved that the terms of the contract between Tom and Will are predominantly in compliance with a contract for service rather than a contract for services. In the give n situation Tom is not provided weekly or monthly remuneration by Will and is only being paid on a one time basis in form of the beer bottles. This suggests that Thomas nearly an independent contractor as he is not provided with regular remuneration. In addition it has been provided that Tom uses his own tools and van for the purpose of completing the paint work. An employee is usually provided with tools and equipments to do the work by an employer. Therefore in the given situation it can be stated that the type of the contract between Will and Tom also indicates that Tom is an independent contractor and not an employee. The facts of the case study further provide that Tom has a registered business under which he operates the painting job. An employee cannot have a registered business of his own and has to work under the control of the employer. Thus this provision of the arrangement between Will and Tom also suggest that Tom is an independent contractor rather than an employee. Th us through the application of the above discussed multiple factor, 3 fold test it can be stated that Tom is not an employee of Will but rather an independent contractor. Conclusion Thus through the application of the case of Prince Alfred College Incorporated v ADC it can be stated that as Tom is not the employee of Will he cannot be held liable for the actions which has been committed by Tom. The provisions of vicarious liability are only applicable when it is proved that the person who has indulged induction is under the control of the employer. In this case study it has been further stated that Will did not authorize Tom to be drunk and go on a bicycle. The act has been committed by Tom against authorization provided by Will therefore in the given situation Will cannot be held liable for the accident which Annie and Tom has been indulged into. Any loss which has been faced by Annie can be claimed against Tom but not Will as there was any employment relationship between them. Through the analysis which has been discussed above I would like to advice Annie that she does not have any claim against Will as Tom was not in an employment relationship with Will when the accident took place. Bibliography Cassidy v Ministry of Health [1951] 2 KB 343 Craven, Judith A. "The Employment Relationship." NY Practice Guide: Business and Commercial 4 (2016). Digby v The Compass Institute Inc and Anor 30 October 2015 [QSC 308] Garrison, Joseph. "The New Restatement of Employment Law." Judicature 100 (2016): 30. Holland, J. A., Burnett, S., Millington, P. (2015). Employment Law 2016. Oxford University Press. Pioneer Mortgage Services Pty Ltd v Columbus Capital Pty Ltd [2016] FCAFC 78 Pipe Industries Ltd v Occidental Life Nominees Pty Ltd (1992) 10 ACLC 253 Prince Alfred College Incorporated v ADC [2016] HCA 37 Ready Mixed Concrete (South East) Ltd v Minister of Pensions and National Insurance [1968] 2 QB 497 Rose, Emily. "David Cabrelli, Employment Law in Context." (2016): 105-106. Schipani, Cindy A., Frances J. Milliken, and Terry Morehead Dworkin. "The Impact of Employment Law and Practices on Business and Society: The Significance of Worker Voice." U. Pa. J. Bus. L. 19 (2016): 979. Scott v Jackson Garden Landscape Supplies Pty Ltd [2015] QDC 018 Walsh, D. J. (2015). Employment law for human resource practice. Nelson Education Yewen v Noakes [1880] 6 QBD 530

The Battle of Tropical Islam struggle for an Islamic Identity in Indonesia

Introduction Indonesia is ranked fourth in the world among the most populous Muslim nations. The spread of Muslim faith in Indonesia can be graded as â€Å"moderate† with the country being strategically positioned along the sea lines, which appropriately connect to the energy resources of the Middle East (Vaughn, 2009).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Battle of Tropical Islam: struggle for an Islamic Identity in Indonesia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Many peace consultants look at Indonesia as being the most critical partner in waging a struggle against radical Islamist Militants in South East Asia. Over time, Indonesia has continued to persue democracy and develop the realms of civil society and law under new reforms by the current president, Susilo. Nevertheless, there exist unhealed wounds caused by the abuse of human rights with the major culprit’s being the military under the r eign of former President Suharto for three decades. Islam Identity in Indonesia: The escapade Indonesia started as a secular state and managed to survive as one (Paris and Schwarz, 1999). This is because Islam in Indonesia has integrated or adapted with ancient local customs and beliefs that emanate from a moderate and benign version of Islam. The majority of Muslims in Indonesia are traditionalists; a tendency that incorporates strong elements of Sufi mysticism and pre-Islamic Javanese traditions (Haseman and Rabasa, 2002). They follow the local based law called â€Å"adat† which takes precedence over strict Islamic custom (Gocher and Vatikiotis, 2006). Additionally, Indonesia originally faced a peaceful spread of Islam that was not accompanied by force; instead, winds of Islamic reform had reached Indonesia from the Middle East gracefully uniting with the local beliefs (Paris and Schwarz, 1999). This is why rigid adherence to Islamic shariah law is found to be an unfruitful venture due to the strong mismatching foundations. During the early part of the twentieth century two different views of Islam in Indonesia started to emerge that caused a split emerged between the modernists and the more conservatives (Paris and Schwarz 1999). The modernist could not accept the integration of Islam with local customs, but demanded that Javanese Islam be purged of its non-Islamic superstitions. This division was greatly highlighted during the early years of Indonesia’s independence. This occurrence shows that even with the different ideologists about Islam that exist within Islam, there is an internal fight on superiority; each strain would want others to declare them as the true faith of Muslim. There exists the most basic fact here: Indonesia as a Muslim country has been faced with a lot of political unrest over time, with Muslim being the salient factor Indonesian Politics (Bull and Woodward, 2009). Nevertheless, after the democratic transition, many Isla mist groups both in Indonesia and the Middle East have risen up and gotten very active, some being violent and others with an approach of Islam social norms.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The irony in this happening is that Islamist groups that would otherwise have been outlawed by today’s democratic rule are being allowed to exist as active political players. The most worrying issue as far as a conflict in the minds of Muslim radicals is concerned is that war cannot be won without being fought (Peters, 2002). The idea here is that this tiff has spread to a national level, eminent before an international platform. Transnational terrorism was made active mostly after the occurrences of September 11. That very date has since then left an unforgettable mark on the whole world. Relations between different states faced a lot of tiffs with little or no benign subsequent relations whatsoever (Kadir, 2002). September 11 twisted the idea of international relations to take another course; there became a general picture of the abundance of a grudge between the extremist Islam and the Liberal, capitalist and the Christian West. Kadir (2002) explains that after the tragic occurrence, leaders of the Islamic communities in Indonesia distanced themselves from the radical Muslim faiths that would encourage terrorism, terming them as deviant faiths. The leaders of Muslim faith and the government leaders in Indonesia and South East Asia refuted to have such radical versions of Islam to spread to their countries. Nonetheless, their hopes can be seen as denial of the past political Muslim experiences of the country. This is basically because, Indonesia faced many years of Islamist military oppression where violence was clear and pronounced (Vaugh, 2009). In the same case, it is the same occurrences, which left nearly 500, 000 Indonesian dead during th e â€Å"new order† rule of President Suharto. The association of such actions with radical Muslim faith have resulted to the Indonesian Muslim leaders to have a distant attitude towards Radical Muslim faith. On the other hand, there exists a number of Radical or â€Å"fundamentalist† Muslims within Indonesia especially during periods of both Sukarno and Suharto where several attempts to establish an Islamic state in Indonesia were made (Indonesia Backgrounder, 2004). Their jubilance has been given so much media attention in recent years, which has created a misconception that Indonesian Islam, is radical. According to Fox (2004), there arose a new Islamic movement called â€Å"Hitbut Tahrir† that had foundations outside Indonesia. This group sought to revamp and attain the inclusion of global fundamentality in the Indonesian national landscape, against nationalism and state power (Fox, 2004). This notion has overshadowed the truth about Indonesian Islam, which i s actually accommodating and moderate as compared to other fundamentalist Muslim traits (Jones, 2007). Indonesia is composed of a diverse set of communities spread across thousands of islands. It is because of this that during the early years, the focus of the government was to strengthen nationalism and independence. It was during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia that Islam officially recognized (Gocher and Vatikiotis, 2006). This was a first step that would ensure future pressure on the government to accommodate Islamic political aspirations.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Battle of Tropical Islam: struggle for an Islamic Identity in Indonesia specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There eventually arose two major opposing Islamic parties (Masjumi and Hisbullah), which always had heated constitutional debates about the form that new Indonesia state was to take. On one hand, the Masjumi demanded tha t Islam be declared the state religion, while other groups demanded for the adoption of an Islamic state that is purely based on the Sharia law (Marshall, 2005). It was here that the government decided to marginalize those advocating the movement for an Islamic state in Indonesia because there was fear that the idea of an Islamic state would destroy Indonesia even before Independence (Paris and Schwarz, 1999). According to Geocher and Vatikiotis (2006), so as to tone-down the tension between the government and the Muslim community, there was an introduced state philosophy which insisted that the state was to be based on a single belief of a â€Å"one supreme God†. Additionally, it was also made clear that God applied not specifically only to Islam, but rather of the five known official religions: Protestantism, Buddhism, Hinduism, Catholic and Islam (Marshall, 2005). This unclear idea about the superiority and clarity of Islam created high tension between the Muslim community and the new independent government, of which it had helped install during the fight for independence. During the â€Å"New Order† regime, Islam was greatly marginalized through the oppressive centralized government at the time. The new regime was determined to establish the military as the primary broker in Indonesia. With the defeat of the communists, Muslims groups expected to be rewarded for helping the army, instead the â€Å"New Order† acted promptly to rollback abuse to the camp of the Muslims (Gocher and Vatikiotis, 2006). The Muslim were the only religious group left who had the numbers and organizational strength to compete for power with the army. Consequent events saw Suharto acting quickly to more drastically kill the Influence of Islamic idioms in to the government policies (Paris and Schwarz, 1999). In 1973, Suharto forced the merger of Muslim groups, as an attempt to kill the upcoming unrest.Advertising Looking for research paper on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More As a result, Islamists viewed this as a potential policy that sought to view Islam as lacking the viability to influence the government policies or participate it Indonesia’s political landscape (Marshall, 2005). This was followed by an even greater blow to Muslim interests; the government’s decision to require all political and social organizations to adopt â€Å"Pancasila† as their sole ideological basis. There was a general belief by the Muslims that Pancasila sought to place man over â€Å"Allah† and that the idea was heretical (Paris and Schwarz, 1999). Gocher and Vatikiotis, (2006) summed up the New Order’s primary social achievement; Delivering Indonesia from the tangles of the vigorous tides that had sweeping the world as from the late 1970s. Nevertheless, there are critics who believe that the attempt the curb Islam in Indonesia, has made Indonesia Islamic. There are a number of forces for Islamic revivalism that has re-introduced debates on whether or not Indonesia should be an Islamic state. First, international influences from Islamic revolutions in countries like Iran have spurred up Indonesian interest in Islam (Paris and Schwarz, 1999). Additionally, the spread of Islam in campuses and the growing Islamic intellectual influences on the attitudes towards national, social and economic developments have directed such views on the basis of Islam. This force to Islamic revivalism were especially evident in the younger generation, who are seen to be more vigilant in making Muslim faith to be more applicable to life in the modern world than it already is. Lastly, political dynamics where Suharto was losing his power base as he encountered greater opposition within the ranks of the military; occurrences that twisted his arm and got him to break-ice and coincide with the Muslim groups so as to ensure that the relationship with the military stayed alive. The most alarming thing about this whole Muslim revival issue is th at, on the occurrence of the Asian crisis in the late 1997, there was no shift. More concern and precedence was given to the reviving of relations with the Muslims. This event lead to the fall of the â€Å"New order† regime that eventually saw Suharto’s thirty two years of rule come to an end. The result was a major power gap that was space enough for the Radical Islamists to step in (Marshall, 2005). According to Marshall (2005) the unexpected occurrence has brought about the resurgence of earlier Islamists ideologies and aspirations. More critical is the drastic proclamation of Indonesia as a state of Islamic religion as a defiance to Suharto’s Pancasila regime. This is proven by attempts by Muslim groups to reintroduce the â€Å"Jakarta Charter† which would allow the application of shariah law and transform Indonesia into an Islamic state. For now, they have been kept democratically at bay as the â€Å"People’s Consultative Assembly† avoi ded a direct vote on the issue, rebuffing the Islamic parties in favor of maintaining the original, more pluralist phrasing. Although the New Order has made it compulsory in the past, a number of parties have recently adopted Islam as their ideological basis instead of Pancasila. Increased freedoms in the post-Suharto period have radical strains of Muslim groups after years of being marginalized politically and socially. There has also been increase infiltration by radical international Islamist groups seeking to spread their beliefs into Indonesia. The traditional threat of shariah law in Indonesia is now back stronger than ever, and it is important to further strengthen democratic elements among mainstream Indonesian Muslims. Attempts to solve the Conflict There are basically three models of government that Indonesia can preside in; a democratic regime, a religious regime, and a democratic religious government. These different models lie in the ancient argument between the compati bility of democracy and political Islam (Berger, 1999). The traditional school of thought holds that democracy and political Islam are not compatible. It is a radical belief, that the â€Å"institutionalization of shura and ijma provides the state, which expresses the general will, with a normative role in making basic choices in people’s lives† (Safi, 2003). The idea that the state is now responsible for our salvation is now brought about as a result. As Safi (2003), explains â€Å"individual religiosity is transformed by the radicals into a communal public will, itself transformed into state control, both moral and political. This model involves the implementation of Shariah law and the transformation of an Islamic state. Scholars argue that this model is inherently inconsistent with the divine sources as Islam can only be understood through human reason; â€Å"the institution that emerges from that combination is not a theocratic state† (Berger 1999). This i s an absolute model that demands exclusivity which stops short of a pluralistic understanding of Islam. It is the revisionist school of thought that believes that democracy and Islam are only compatible in an oppressive or despotic form of government. This is happens because in most countries in the Muslim world, democracy is only practiced as the giver of proper legality (Safi, 2003). So while these countries have democratic institutions, in reality none of these processes is really observed. This was evident in the New Order regime, where Suharto was at the apex of politics in Indonesia. It is in fact these forms of regimes that push people away from such institutions to a more radical form of a complete unity between state and religion; an Islamic state. The post-revisionist school of thought now holds that there are in fact two different ways to articulate Islam and democratic regime forms without transforming into an Islamic state. This view holds that the relationship between Islam and politics was â€Å"never premised on the so-called Islamic state or the comprehensive application of the Sharia† (Berger, 1999). It rejects exclusive reliance on the religious laws in order to confirm whether or not democratic religiosity is wrong (Sadri, Sadri and Soroush, 2002). This school of thought believes that the underlying choice should be made based on the society; because in a religious society an innocently secular government would be against democracy (Sadri, Sadri and Soroush, 2002). This school of thought, believes that the success of each models depend on whether the majority is a secular or a religious one. According to Berger (1999), the former believes in the European way of keeping political authority at bay from Islam while the latter calls for clarify the relations between Muslim and politics instead of either commenting the unity or totally fragmenting them. The first model believes in a secular democratic regime, whereby there is a clear sepa ration between religion and the state. This is a valid model basically because many people believe that a democratic religious government will lack the humility to be accountable to people (Sadri, Sadri and Soroush, 2002). According to Berger (1999), Oppositions to the first model claim that â€Å"advocates of secularism will appear to be calling on their own societies to abandon their Islamic cultural and religious foundations.† They also believe that secularism came to â€Å"Islamic societies in the dubious company of Western colonialism and post-colonial hegemony.† (Berger 1999). On the other hand, the second model demands the clarification and specification of the relationship between Islam and political authority on the basis of an Islamic approach to secularism. In this model, the â€Å"protection of basic human rights, especially freedom of belief, expression, and association, is an Islamic imperative and not merely a requirement of international treaties.† (Berger 1999) One cannot forget that in democratic societies, religious tolerance is practiced, as â€Å"the path of examined religiosity is more open and inviting† (Sadri, Sadi and Soroush, 2002). Either way, one must understand that in order for both these models to work, democracy cannot adjust to religious understanding; it is religious understanding that should adjust itself to democracy. Beyond the obvious The description of constant unrests in Indonesia has always been rotating around one issue: Muslim religion. As stated earlier, the problem from a single religious unit has grown to be the most difficult puzzle that not even the smartest person in the country with his well thought- out and profound intelligent ideas can solve. This bid dilemma calls for a more rationalized, out of the norm idea so as to solve the rationalized and unprecedented turmoil that lingers in the lives of the world’s most populous Muslim country. I suggest that is time for us to chan ge gears and look at the issue with an open mind; Indonesia as a country is in deep trouble as far as National democracy is concerned and, the USA is the world’s strongest country as far as democracy, economy and internal liberty is concerned. I the itching query about this should be: what does the USA have to with Indonesia? My idea is not at all based on the lines of Indonesia having to solicit for military assistance or any other donations of some kind from the world’s strongest country, no. If we take another direction and look at the current president to the United Sates of America, president Obama, we will discover that his connection to Indonesia is deep! As a matter of fact, Barack spent part of his childhood in Indonesia and, yes he was born to an Indonesian mother. Needless to mention, he previously had an Indonesian name; Barry Soetero. I think Barry Soetero was the guardian angel given to Indonesia so as to bring its deepest problems to an end. It is a fact that President Obama is also known as â€Å"Hussein†. This tells us that he has a Muslim background. Both Barry Soetero and Indonesia need not to be told that there is a clear indication of an easy way to solve the problem here. The Bombshell President Barack Hussein Obama is of an Indonesian Background. He also has a Muslim background. Currently is the president of the World’s strongest country ruling without any problems arising from religious clashes. Barack is a modernized Muslim ruling in a country with no Muslim backgrounds. President Barack Obama should therefore finish his term in the USA, then head back to his roots, apply for citizenship of which I am pretty sure he will get basing on his current friendly relations with Indonesia. Ultimately, he should plunge himself in to the Indonesian political landscape and vie for presidency. Basing on his roots being from Indonesia and him having a Muslim background coupled with good speech and a likable character he s hould win. Eventually o attainting presidency, he should channel American ideas that will help Indonesia attain a â€Å"super-power level† of democracy. In this regard, Muslim will be a peaceful religion, as peaceful as a second middle name (Hussein). The Islamic Identity in Indonesia will therefore have gotten its place without any bloodshed, and with the most suited ambassador of them all. Reference List Berger. L., P. (1999). The desecularization of the world: resurgent religion and world politics. Michigan: Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. Fox, J., J. (2004). Currents in Contemporary Islam in Indonesia.  Web. Gocher, J., Vatikiotis. M. (2006). Indonesia: Islands of imagination. New York: Tuttle Haseman, B., J. Rabasa, A. (2002). The military and democracy in Indonesia: challenges, politics and power, Issue 1599. California: Rand Corporation Indonesia Backgrounder. (2004). Why Salafism and terrorism mostly don’t mix. Web. Jones, C. (2007). Fashion and faith in urban Indonesia. Web. Kadir, S. (2002). Mapping Politics in Southeast Asia After September 11.  Web. Marshall. A., P. (2005). Radical Islam’s rules: the worldwide spread of extreme Shari’a law. New York: Rowan Littlefield. Peters Ralph. (2002). Rolling Back Radical Islam.  Web Paris. J., Schwarz. A. (1999). Politics of post- Suharto Indonesia. Washington: Council of foreign relations Sadri, A., Sadri, M. Soroush, A. (2002). Reason, Freedom and Democracy in Islam: essential writings of Abdolkarim. New York: Oxford University Press. Safi, O. (2003). Progressive Muslims: on justice, gender and pluralism. London: One world. Vaughn, B. (2009). Indonesia: Domestic Politics, Strategic Dynamics, and American Interests.  Web. Woodward. M. Bull, L., R. (2009). Israeli Nukes versus Palestinian Slingshots: David and Goliath in Indonesia. Web. This research paper on The Battle of Tropical Islam: struggle for an Islamic Identity in Indonesia was written and submitted by user Farrah Huffman to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.